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These norms often pressure men to reject feminine traits in order to align with traditional masculine ideals, thereby perpetuating negative attitudes toward femininity. [ 4 ] Negative attitudes toward femininity, particularly when exhibited by men, are a significant factor contributing to anti-gay behaviors.
Effeminacy or male femininity [1] [2] is the embodiment of feminine traits in boys or men, particularly those considered untypical of men or masculinity. [3] These traits include roles, stereotypes, behaviors, and appearances that are socially associated with girls and women.
However, the feminine traits people are attracted to vary. “Some gynosexual individuals may be drawn to the physical aspects of femininity, such as feminine features or expressions of femininity ...
[1] [3] [4] [5] To what extent femininity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. [3] [4] [5] It is conceptually distinct from both the female biological sex and from womanhood, as all humans can exhibit feminine and masculine traits, regardless of sex and gender. [2]
The test is formatted with 60 different personality traits which participants rate themselves based on a 7-point Likert scale. Traits are evenly dispersed, 20 masculine, 20 feminine, and 20 filler traits thought to be gender neutral. [3] All traits in the BSRI are positively valued personality aspects. [4]
As you may already know, gender is far more complex than the binary of "man" and "woman" that too many of us grew up with; in fact, there are many more than two genders.
Male traits are seen as the default, and stereotypical male traits are seen as more highly valued. [ 46 ] [ 48 ] Men are considered the standard of comparison when comparing gender differences, with feminine traits viewed as a deviation from the norm and a deficiency on the part of women. [ 48 ]
This book went into what factors influence a child's gender development, with contributors proposing the effects of hormones, social learning, and cognitive development in respective chapters. Man and Woman, Boy and Girl, by John Money was published in 1972, reporting findings of research done with intersex subjects. The book proposed that the ...