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Keratoconus (KC) is a disorder of the eye that results in progressive thinning of the cornea. [3] The protrusion of the cornea may result in blurry vision, double vision, nearsightedness, irregular astigmatism, [4] and light sensitivity leading to poor quality-of-life. [3] [5] [6] Usually both eyes are affected. [3]
Corneal pachymetry is the process of measuring the thickness of the cornea.A pachymeter is a medical device used to measure the thickness of the eye's cornea.It is used to perform corneal pachymetry prior to refractive surgery, for Keratoconus screening, LRI surgery [1] and is useful in screening for patients suspected of developing glaucoma among other uses.
Keratoconus in itself is a pattern of the entire cornea, therefore every measurement just focusing on one layer, might not be enough for a state of the art diagnosis. Especially early cases of keratoconus might be missed by a plain topographic measurement, which is critical if refractive surgery is being considered. [7]
If the results for the Schirmer's test are abnormal, a Schirmer II test can be performed to measure reflex secretion. In this test, the nasal mucosa is irritated with a cotton-tipped applicator, after which tear production is measured with a Whatman #41 filter paper. For this test, wetting under 15 mm after five minutes is considered abnormal. [14]
The early stages of pellucid marginal degeneration may also be managed with soft contact lenses. [1] Success has been shown with the use of rigid gas permeable contact lenses combined with over-refraction. People wearing contacts don't report increased problems with glare and contrast sensitivity, but it is not clear if this is due to the ...
Corneal cross-linking (CXL) with riboflavin (vitamin B 2) and UV-A light is a surgical treatment for corneal ectasia such as keratoconus, [2] PMD, and post-LASIK ectasia. It is used in an attempt to make the cornea stronger. According to a 2015 Cochrane review, there is insufficient evidence to determine if it is useful in keratoconus. [3]
In Cavaliers, the early results are specific to mitral valve disease showing a reversal. "When we started working on this in mice, we weren't even thinking about mitral valve disease," Davidson said.
A dog with skin irritation and hair loss on its leg caused by demodectic mange. Infectious skin diseases of dogs include contagious and non-contagious infections or infestations. Contagious infections include parasitic, bacterial, fungal and viral skin diseases. One of the most common contagious parasitic skin diseases is Sarcoptic mange (scabies).