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The tobacco industry comprises those persons and companies who are engaged in the growth, preparation for sale, shipment, advertisement, and distribution of tobacco and tobacco-related products. [1] It is a global industry; tobacco can grow in any warm, moist environment, which means it can be farmed on all continents except Antarctica .
In economics, a monopoly is a single seller. In law, a monopoly is a business entity that has significant market power, that is, the power to charge overly high prices, which is associated with unfair price raises. [2] Although monopolies may be big businesses, size is not a characteristic of a monopoly.
[1] [2] A monopoly occurs when a firm lacks any viable competition and is the sole producer of the industry's product. [1] [2] Because a monopoly faces no competition, it has absolute market power and can set a price above the firm's marginal cost. [1] [2] The monopoly ensures a monopoly price exists when it establishes the quantity of the ...
American Tobacco Company, 221 U.S. 106 (1911) found to have monopolized the trade. American Tobacco Co. v. United States, 328 U.S. 781 (1946) after American Tobacco Co was broken up, the four entities were found to have achieved a collectively dominant position, which still amounted to monopolization of the market contrary to the Sherman Act §2
Price, Jacob M. France and the Chesapeake: A History of the French Tobacco Monopoly, 1674–1791, and of its Relationship to the British and American Tobacco Trades (University of Michigan Press, 1973. 2 vols) online book review; Rainbolt, John C. “The Case of the Poor Planters in Virginia for Inspecting and Burning Tobacco.”
In Brazil around 135,000 family farmers cite tobacco production as their main economic activity. [12] Tobacco has never exceeded 0.7% of the country's total cultivated area. [14] In the southern regions of Brazil, Virginia and Amarelinho flue-cured tobacco as well as Burley and Dark (Galpão Comum) air-cured tobacco are produced.
Monopolization is defined as the situation when a firm with durable and significant market power. For the court, it will evaluate the firm’s market share. Usually, a monopolized firm has more than 50% market share in a certain geographic area. Some state courts have higher market share requirements for this definition.
United States v. American Tobacco Company, 221 U.S. 106 (1911), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court, which held that the combination in this case is one in restraint of trade and an attempt to monopolize the business of tobacco in interstate commerce within the prohibitions of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890.