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Women in Judaism have affected the course of Judaism over millennia. Their role is reflected in the Hebrew Bible, the Oral Law (the corpus of rabbinic literature), by custom, and by cultural factors. Although the Hebrew Bible and rabbinic literature present various female role models, religious law treats women in specific ways.
Jewish feminism is a movement that seeks to make the religious, legal, and social status of Jewish women equal to that of Jewish men in Judaism. Feminist movements, with varying approaches and successes, have opened up within all major branches of the Jewish religion.
The movement started as a Facebook page launched by Esty Shushan in October 2012, [1] to protest the exclusion of Haredi women from Haredi political parties and from the Haredi public sphere in general. [2] The Facebook page called upon Haredi women and men to refrain from voting to parties that exclude women, i. e., Shas and United Torah Judaism.
In her 1981 work, On Women and Judaism: A View from Tradition, Blu Greenberg studies the many ways in which modern women are excluded from Judaism. [3] By doing so, she develops a new space and way of practice for the female role, within traditional Judaism. She aims to uncover whether feminism is of benefit or detriment to Jewish tradition.
Jewish Radical Feminism was a finalist for the 2019 PROSE Award in Biography (from the Association of American Publishers). [8]In a 2018 article from Contemporary Jewry, Tahneer Oksman called Antler's book a "compelling, original, and urgent reexamination of the past."
The relationship between Judaism and politics is a historically complex subject, and has evolved over time concurrently with both changes within Jewish society and religious practice, and changes in the general society of places where Jewish people live.
A subsequent initiative was the establishment of the political party U'Bizchutan organized by Haredi women. [16] A major issue prompting efforts for Orthodox women's rights is the issue of agunot, women whose husbands refuse to divorce under Jewish law. [17]
Kolot: Center for Jewish Women and Gender Studies ; Nashim: A Journal of Jewish Women's Studies and Gender Issues; The Kabbalah of Gender Identity Archived 2015-09-12 at the Wayback Machine; Jewish Law Watch, Center for Women in Jewish Law on agunah; M.A. Degree in Jewish Studies: Women's and Gender Studies, Schechter Institute, Israel. The ...