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The syndrome is often associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which causes periods of absent or reduced breathing in sleep, resulting in many partial awakenings during the night and sleepiness during the day. [1] The disease puts strain on the heart, which may lead to heart failure and leg swelling.
Pathophysiology of obesity is the study of disordered physiological processes that cause, result from, or are otherwise associated with obesity. A number of possible pathophysiological mechanisms have been identified which may contribute in the development and maintenance of obesity.
Other social-demographic factors such as income, gender, education level, children, living with a romantic partner, and smoking levels do not have an effect on NES. [2] Furthermore, there have been contradictory conclusions on whether a higher BMI is a risk factor of NES, or if it is simply a consequence of night eating behavior.
It also interacts with obesity as obese children have higher risk to show depressive symptoms and obesity can cause OSA. [81] The link can also go the other way around with the depression inducing obesity (due to overeating) which worsens the OSA. Adenotonsillectomy can decrease the intensity of the depressive symptoms. [81]
Death rate from obesity, 2019. Obesity is a risk factor for many chronic physical and mental illnesses.. The health effects of being overweight but not obese are controversial, with some studies showing that the mortality rate for individuals who are classified as overweight (BMI 25.0 to 29.9) may actually be lower than for those with an ideal weight (BMI 18.5 to 24.9). [1]
According to one study, factors like these may play as big of a role as excessive food energy intake and a lack of physical activity; [104] however, the relative magnitudes of the effects of any proposed cause of obesity is varied and uncertain, as there is a general need for randomized controlled trials on humans before definitive statement ...
Risks Posed by Obesity in Cats. In the US, about 40% of the cat population is obese or overweight. Overweight cats have from 10 to 20% excess fat, and obese cats are 20 to 30% over their normal ...
There is debate regarding whether obesity or insulin resistance is the cause of the metabolic syndrome or if they are consequences of a more far-reaching metabolic derangement. Markers of systemic inflammation , including C-reactive protein , are often increased, as are fibrinogen , interleukin 6 , tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and others.