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The term modernism—generally used by critics of rather than adherents to positions associated with it—came to prominence in Pope Pius X's 1907 encyclical Pascendi Dominici gregis, where he condemned modernism as "the synthesis of all heresies". [2] Writing in the Catholic Encyclopedia in 1911, the Jesuit Arthur Vermeersch gave a definition ...
The traditional view is that developmental biology played little part in the modern synthesis, [45] but in his 1930 book Embryos and Ancestors, the evolutionary embryologist Gavin de Beer anticipated evolutionary developmental biology [46] by showing that evolution could occur by heterochrony, [47] such as in the retention of juvenile features ...
Two months later, he issued the encyclical Pascendi Dominici Gregis, in which he unequivocally condemned the agnosticism, immanentism, and relativism of Modernism as the 'synthesis of all heresies'. [28] The anti-Modernist oath of 1910 was very important; this remained in force until 1966. [28] In 1914, Pius X issued a list of 24 philosophical ...
Modern synthesis or modern evolutionary synthesis refers to several perspectives on evolutionary biology, namely: Modern synthesis (20th century) , the term coined by Julian Huxley in 1942 to denote the synthesis between Mendelian genetics and selection theory.
Reviewing the book for American Scientist in 1943, the geologist Kirtley Mather wrote that the book provided "an admirable digest" of decades of work by many scientists. . Mather commented "Of general interest is Huxley’s defense of the Darwinian concept of evolution, under attack by Hogben, Bateson and other biologists, amusingly reminiscent of bygone days when another Huxley championed the ...
Accounts such as Michael Ruse's very large [1] book Monad to Man [48] ignored, claimed Largent, almost all the early 20th century American evolutionary biologists. Largent has suggested as an alternative to eclipse a biological metaphor, the interphase of Darwinism, interphase being an apparently quiet period in the cycle of cell division and ...
Biologists, however, have not limited their application of the term neo-Darwinism to the historical synthesis. For example, Ernst Mayr wrote in 1984 that: The term neo-Darwinism for the synthetic theory [of the early 20th century] is sometimes considered wrong, because the term neo-Darwinism was coined by Romanes in 1895 as a designation of Weismann's theory.
Modernism was called the synthesis of all heresies because it denied any idea of authority or objctive, unchanging truth at all, unlike earlier heresies which contradicted church authority on a particular point (e.g. Arianism, Nestorianism), or set up another source of authority (Islam, Protestantism) while accepting the basic idea of objective ...