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Between about 1980-2010 the average number of authors in medical papers increased, and perhaps tripled. [18] One survey found that in mathematics journals over the first decade of the 2000s, "the number of papers with 2, 3 and 4+ authors increased by approximately 50%, 100% and 200%, respectively, while single author papers decreased slightly." [8]
Being named as an author on many papers is good for an academic's career. Failure to adhere to authorship standards is rarely punished. [52] To avoid misreported authorship, a requirement that all authors describe the contribution they made to the study ("movie-style credits") has been advocated for. [53] Ghostwriters may be legally liable for ...
ORCID was first announced in 2009 as a collaborative effort by publishers of scholarly research "to resolve the author name ambiguity problem in scholarly communication". [5] The "Open Researcher Contributor Identification Initiative"—hence the name ORCID—was created temporarily prior to incorporation.
Research papers from more than 55 disciplines Free & Subscription No Elsevier: HAL: Multidisciplinary: 760,000 (2,000,000 metadata) [14] An open-access database for French researchers. Organized into institution and domain portals. Free Yes CNRS's Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe (CCSD) RePEc: Research Papers in Economics [15 ...
As of their 2022 list, Clarivate uses "performance statistics" from data in the Web of Science.There are 21 specific fields, and one for interdisciplinary science—Clarivate creates a list of papers that are in the top 1% most highly cited in their field, [a] and admission to the HCR list is based on an author's number of papers in the top 1%.
Part 1 of the manual approaches the process of research and writing. This includes providing "practical advice" to formulate "the right questions, read critically, and build arguments" as well as helping authors draft and revise a paper. [3] Initially added with the seventh edition of the manual, this part is adapted from The Craft of Research ...
Research libraries will hold paper guides to authoritative sources. The most useful is The American Historical Association's Guide to Historical Literature, edited by Mary Beth Norton and Pamela Gerardi 2 vol (1995), which is an annotated bibliography of authoritative sources in all fields of history.
Such publishers sometimes allow certain rights to their authors, including permission to reuse parts of the paper in the author's future work, to distribute a limited number of copies. In the print format, such copies are called reprints; in the electronic format, they are called postprints. [1]