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Babylonian astronomy collated earlier observations and divinations into sets of Babylonian star catalogues, during and after the Kassite rule over Babylonia. These star catalogues, written in cuneiform script, contained lists of constellations, individual stars, and planets. The constellations were probably collected from various other sources.
MUL.APIN (𒀯 𒀳) is the conventional title given to a Babylonian compendium that deals with many diverse aspects of Babylonian astronomy and astrology.It is in the tradition of earlier star catalogues, the so-called Three Stars Each lists, but represents an expanded version based on more accurate observation, likely compiled around 1000 BCE. [1]
A star catalogue is an astronomical catalogue that lists stars. ... The Mul.Apin lists, dated to sometime before the Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC), [5] ...
c. 300 BC — star catalog of Timocharis of Alexandria; c. 134 BC — Hipparchus makes a detailed star map; c. 150 — Ptolemy completes his Almagest, which contains a catalog of stars, observations of planetary motions, and treatises on geometry and cosmology; c. 705 — Dunhuang Star Chart, a manuscript star chart from the Mogao Caves at Dunhuang
The Babylonians were the first civilization known to possess a functional theory of the planets. [9] The oldest surviving planetary astronomical text is the Babylonian Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa, a 7th-century BC copy of a list of observations of the motions of the planet Venus that probably dates as early as the second millennium BC.
Frk — W.S. Franks (double stars and colours of stars) (probably William Sadler Franks, published a catalogue of the colours of 3890 stars) FSC — Faint Source Catalogue FSR — Froebrich-Scholz-Raftery, I.R. (open and globular star clusters) (for example: globular star cluster FSR 1758 in Scorpius)
The Babylonian star catalogues name the Pleiades MUL MUL (𒀯𒀯), meaning 'stars' (literally 'star star'), and they head the list of stars along the ecliptic, reflecting the fact that they were close to the point of the vernal equinox around the twenty-third century BC.
In Muslim astronomy, the first star chart to be drawn accurately was most likely the illustrations produced by the Persian astronomer Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi in his 964 work titled Book of Fixed Stars. This book was an update of parts VII.5 and VIII.1 of the 2nd century Almagest star catalogue by Ptolemy. The work of al-Sufi contained ...