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Tiagabine, a drug used as an anticonvulsant, acts by inhibiting the GABA transporter 1. Neurotransmitter transporters inhibitors Vesicular transporters could provide an alternative therapeutic target for the modulation of chemical neurotransmission, as the activity of these transporters could affect the quantity of neurotransmitter released.
The structure of Sl6 family transporters share 20-25% sequence similarity with LeuTA [6] providing an evolutionary relationship between the transporter and the leucine transporter protein. [2] Because of the similarity, the LeuTa protein provides a very close template model for the studying the transporters in greater detail. [ 1 ]
Figure 1. The seven transmembrane α-helix structure of a G-protein-coupled receptor. A neurotransmitter receptor (also known as a neuroreceptor) is a membrane receptor protein [1] that is activated by a neurotransmitter. [2] Chemicals on the outside of the cell, such as a neurotransmitter, can bump into the cell's membrane, in which there are ...
In neuroscience, a biological neural network is a physical structure found in brains and complex nervous systems – a population of nerve cells connected by synapses. In machine learning , an artificial neural network is a mathematical model used to approximate nonlinear functions .
A neural pathway connects one part of the nervous system to another using bundles of axons called tracts. The optic tract that extends from the optic nerve is an example of a neural pathway because it connects the eye to the brain; additional pathways within the brain connect to the visual cortex.
The family of glutamate transporters is composed of two primary subclasses: the excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) family and vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) family. In the brain, EAATs remove glutamate from the synaptic cleft and extrasynaptic sites via glutamate reuptake into glial cells and neurons , while VGLUTs move glutamate ...
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To release neurotransmitters, the synaptic vesicles transiently dock and fuse at the base of specialized 10–15 nm cup-shaped lipoprotein structures at the presynaptic membrane called porosomes. [15] The neuronal porosome proteome has been solved, providing the molecular architecture and the complete composition of the machinery. [16]