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In childhood, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients can expect a 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rate of 70% and an overall survival (OS) rate of 80%. [1] Among the approximately 25% of children who relapse, survival rates drop to 30-50%, with patients generally showing a much poorer prognosis. [1]
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL or ATLL) is a rare cancer of the immune system's T-cells [1] [2] [3] caused by human T cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 . [4] All ATL cells contain integrated HTLV-1 provirus further supporting that causal role of the virus in the cause of the neoplasm. [ 4 ]
It is estimated that 60–80% of adults undergoing induction chemotherapy achieve complete remission after 4 weeks, and those over the age of 70 have a cure rate of 5%. [ 48 ] [ 74 ] Graphs of overall survival rates at 5 years and 10 years in people in pediatric care and adults with ALL
In the United States during 2013–2017, the age-adjusted mortality rate for all types of cancer was 189.5/100,000 for males, and 135.7/100,000 for females. [1] Below is an incomplete list of age-adjusted mortality rates for different types of cancer in the United States from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program.
T-cell leukemia describes several different types of lymphoid leukemia which affect T cells. Types include: [1] Large granular lymphocytic leukemia; Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma; T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia; In practice, it can be hard to distinguish T-cell leukemia from T-cell lymphoma, and they are often grouped together.
T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a very rare and aggressive leukemia affecting adults; somewhat more men than women are diagnosed with this disease. [24] Despite its overall rarity, it is the most common type of mature T cell leukemia; [25] nearly all other leukemias involve B cells. It is difficult to treat, and the median survival is ...
A very high density of EBV+ NK cells in these lesions suggests the disorder has progressed to NK/T cell lymphoma or NK cell leukemia. [1] While the disorder's etiology is unclear, it is thought that the mosquito salivary gland allergenic proteins trigger reactivation of EBV in latently infected NK cells.
T-cell-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a mature T-cell leukemia with aggressive behavior and predilection for blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and skin involvement. [1] T-PLL is a very rare leukemia, primarily affecting adults over the age of 30. It represents 2% of all small lymphocytic leukemias in adults. [2]
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