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Petals can differ dramatically in different species. The number of petals in a flower may hold clues to a plant's classification. For example, flowers on eudicots (the largest group of dicots) most frequently have four or five petals while flowers on monocots have three or six petals, although there are many exceptions to this rule. [2]
Flowers consist of a combination of vegetative organs – sepals that enclose and protect the developing flower. These petals attract pollinators, and reproductive organs that produce gametophytes, which in flowering plants produce gametes. The male gametophytes, which produce sperm, are enclosed within pollen grains produced in the anthers.
The corolla is gametopetalous, the five petals may be joined forming a tube with 4 or 5 lobes (in the flower called tubulose flower or floret, or two groups of petals joined (in the case of bilabiated flowers, with an upper lip formed by 2 petals and a lower lip formed by 3 petals), or they can present a short tube and the limb prolonged ...
Floral diagram of Anagallis arvensis. [1]: 307 The dot represents the main axis, green structure below is the subtending bract.Calyx (green arcs) consists of five free sepals; corolla (red arcs) consists of five fused petals.
A double-flowered cultivar of Impatiens walleriana. "Double-flowered" describes varieties of flowers with extra petals, often containing flowers within flowers. [1] [2] The double-flowered trait is often noted alongside the scientific name with the abbreviation fl. pl. (flore pleno, a Latin ablative form meaning "with full flower"). [3]
A Lilium flower showing the six tepals: the outer three are sepals and the inner three are petals. Undifferentiated tepals are believed to be the ancestral condition in flowering plants . For example, Amborella , which is thought to have separated earliest in the evolution of flowering plants, [ 4 ] has flowers with undifferentiated tepals.
The outer flowers, which resemble petals, are called ray flowers. Each "petal" consists of a ligule composed of fused petals of an asymmetrical ray flower. They are sexually sterile and may be yellow, red, orange, or other colors. The spirally arranged flowers in the center of the head are called disk flowers. These mature into fruit (sunflower ...
The flower bears six free perianth segments rather than true petals, arranged in two whorls of three, the outer whorl being larger and more convex than the inner whorl. The outer tepals are acute to more or less obtuse , spathulate or oblanceolate to narrowly obovate or linear, shortly clawed, and erect spreading.