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  2. List of concurrent and parallel programming languages

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_concurrent_and...

    A concurrent programming language is defined as one which uses the concept of simultaneously executing processes or threads of execution as a means of structuring a program. A parallel language is able to express programs that are executable on more than one processor.

  3. Concurrent computing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent_computing

    PHP—multithreading support with parallel extension implementing message passing inspired from Go [15] Pict—essentially an executable implementation of Milner's π-calculus; Raku includes classes for threads, promises and channels by default [16] Python — uses thread-based parallelism and process-based parallelism [17]

  4. Global interpreter lock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Interpreter_Lock

    Schematic representation of how threads work under GIL. Green - thread holding GIL, red - blocked threads. A global interpreter lock (GIL) is a mechanism used in computer-language interpreters to synchronize the execution of threads so that only one native thread (per process) can execute basic operations (such as memory allocation and reference counting) at a time. [1]

  5. CPython - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPython

    A particular feature of CPython is that it makes use of a global interpreter lock (GIL) on each CPython interpreter process, which means that within a single process, only one thread may be processing Python bytecode at any one time. [2] This does not mean that there is no point in multithreading; the most common multithreading scenario is ...

  6. Monitor (synchronization) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_(synchronization)

    enter the monitor: enter the method if the monitor is locked add this thread to e block this thread else lock the monitor leave the monitor: schedule return from the method wait c: add this thread to c.q schedule block this thread notify c: if there is a thread waiting on c.q select and remove one thread t from c.q (t is called "the notified ...

  7. Cython - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cython

    The default can be overridden (e.g. in source code comment) to Python 3 (or 2) syntax. Since Python 3 syntax has changed in recent versions, Cython may not be up to date with the latest additions. Cython has "native support for most of the C++ language" and "compiles almost all existing Python code". [7] Cython 3.0.0 was released on 17 July ...

  8. Multithreading (computer architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multithreading_(computer...

    This type of multithreading is known as block, cooperative or coarse-grained multithreading. The goal of multithreading hardware support is to allow quick switching between a blocked thread and another thread ready to run. Switching from one thread to another means the hardware switches from using one register set to another.

  9. Cooperative multitasking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperative_multitasking

    Cooperative multitasking is similar to async/await in languages, such as JavaScript or Python, that feature a single-threaded event-loop in their runtime. This contrasts with cooperative multitasking in that await cannot be invoked from a non-async function, but only an async function, which is a kind of coroutine .