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Hydraulic jumps can be seen in both a stationary form, which is known as a "hydraulic jump", and a dynamic or moving form, which is known as a positive surge or "hydraulic jump in translation". [16] They can be described using the same analytic approaches and are simply variants of a single phenomenon.
Hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel, also known as classical jump, is a natural phenomenon that occurs whenever flow changes from supercritical to subcritical flow. In this transition, the water surface rises abruptly, surface rollers are formed, intense mixing occurs, air is entrained, and often a large amount of energy is dissipated.
The depth changes abruptly over a comparatively short distance. Rapidly varied flow is known as a local phenomenon. Examples are the hydraulic jump and the hydraulic drop. Gradually-varied flow. The depth changes over a long distance. Continuous flow. The discharge is constant throughout the reach of the channel under consideration. This is ...
The boundary between the two areas is called a "hydraulic jump". The jump starts where the flow is just critical and Froude number is equal to 1.0. The Froude number has been used to study trends in animal locomotion in order to better understand why animals use different gait patterns [ 15 ] as well as to form hypotheses about the gaits of ...
The principles of hydraulics are in use naturally in the human body within the vascular system and erectile tissue. [3] [4] Free surface hydraulics is the branch of hydraulics dealing with free surface flow, such as occurring in rivers, canals, lakes, estuaries, and seas. Its sub-field open-channel flow studies the flow in open channels.
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A hydraulic drop is a type of local phenomena found in open channel flow. It is a rapid change in the depth of flow from a high stage to a low stage that results in a steep depression in the water surface. It is often caused by an abrupt change in the channel slope. Another type of local phenomena found in an open channel flow is the hydraulic ...
Hydraulic jump induced waves are a type of wave that forms when there exists a lower layer of air which is dense, yet thin relative to the size of the mountain. After flowing over the mountain, a type of shock wave forms at the trough of the flow, and a sharp vertical discontinuity called the hydraulic jump forms which can be several times ...