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Figure 2: A common example of a hydraulic jump is the roughly circular stationary wave that forms around the central stream of water. The jump is at the transition between the area where the circle appears still and where the turbulence is visible. These phenomena are addressed in an extensive literature from a number of technical viewpoints.
This example is a very basic hydraulic jump situation where the flow approaches at a supercritical depth, y 1, and jumps to its subcritical conjugate depth, y 2, in order to obtain the necessary energy to continue moving down the channel with the given flow rate, q. Figure 6. M-y Diagram
The depth changes abruptly over a comparatively short distance. Rapidly varied flow is known as a local phenomenon. Examples are the hydraulic jump and the hydraulic drop. Gradually-varied flow. The depth changes over a long distance. Continuous flow. The discharge is constant throughout the reach of the channel under consideration. This is ...
It is important to note that the gradually varied flow equations and associated numerical methods (including the standard step method) cannot accurately model the dynamics of a hydraulic jump. [6] See the Hydraulic jumps in rectangular channels page for more information. Below, an example problem will use conceptual models to build a surface ...
An example can be found via google earth: 50°58'41.34"N, 5°51'36.81"E, eye altitude 200 m. ... A hydraulic jump occurs downstream of the flume for free flow ...
Plunge pools (also called stilling basins) and impact boxes are two examples of energy dissipators used on dams. Many USBR dams use energy dissipating blocks for chute spillways (also called baffled aprons). These blocks help induce a hydraulic jump to establish subcritical flow conditions on the downstream side of the dam. [11]
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Second, at the base of a spillway, a flip bucket can create a hydraulic jump and deflect water upwards. Ski jump. A ski jump can direct water horizontally and eventually down into a plunge pool, or two ski jumps can direct their water discharges to collide with one another. [5] [23] Stilling basin