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The typical thickness to width ratio of a plate structure is less than 0.1. [citation needed] A plate theory takes advantage of this disparity in length scale to reduce the full three-dimensional solid mechanics problem to a two-dimensional problem. The aim of plate theory is to calculate the deformation and stresses in a plate subjected to loads.
A plate is a structural element which is characterized by a three-dimensional solid whose thickness is very small when compared with other dimensions. [ 1 ] The effects of the loads that are expected to be applied on it only generate stresses whose resultants are, in practical terms, exclusively normal to the element's thickness.
The Mindlin hypothesis implies that the displacements in the plate have the form = (,) ; =, = (,)where and are the Cartesian coordinates on the mid-surface of the undeformed plate and is the coordinate for the thickness direction, , =, are the in-plane displacements of the mid-surface, is the displacement of the mid-surface in the direction, and designate the angles which the normal to the mid ...
In the Kirchhoff–Love plate theory for plates the governing equations are [1], = and , = In expanded form, + = ; + = and + + = where () is an applied transverse load per unit area, the thickness of the plate is =, the stresses are , and
Sandwich theory [1] [2] describes the behaviour of a beam, plate, or shell which consists of three layers—two facesheets and one core. The most commonly used sandwich theory is linear and is an extension of first-order beam theory.
Deformation of a thin plate highlighting the displacement, the mid-surface (red) and the normal to the mid-surface (blue) The Kirchhoff–Love theory of plates is a two-dimensional mathematical model that is used to determine the stresses and deformations in thin plates subjected to forces and moments.
In most of the world, sheet metal thickness is consistently specified in millimeters. In the U.S., the thickness of sheet metal is commonly specified by a traditional, non-linear measure known as its gauge. The larger the gauge number, the thinner the metal. Commonly used steel sheet metal ranges from 30 gauge to about 7 gauge.
The equations governing the motion of plates are simpler than those for general three-dimensional objects because one of the dimensions of a plate is much smaller than the other two. This permits a two-dimensional plate theory to give an excellent approximation to the actual three-dimensional motion of a plate-like object. [1]