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Malpighian tubules in most insects also contain accessory musculature associated with the tubules which may function to mix the contents of the tubules or expose the tubules to more hemolymph. The insect orders, Dermaptera and Thysanoptera do not possess these muscles and Collembola and Hemiptera:Aphididae completely lack a Malpighian tubule ...
Functions of diuretic and antidiuretic hormones include: postprandial diuresis, post-eclosion diuresis, excretion of excess metabolic water, clearance of toxic wastes and restricting metabolite loss. [1] The rectal or cryptonephric complex is a structure in which the terminal parts of the Malpighian tubules are closely associated with the rectum.
In insect anatomy, a cryptonephridium is a structure present in most larval Lepidoptera and in other insects (i.e., Coleoptera) inhabiting relatively arid environments. The Malpighian tubules are not free in the hemocele but are bound to the wall of the rectum by the perinephric membrane .
Stylised diagram of insect digestive tract showing Malpighian tubule (Orthopteran type) Stomatodeum (foregut): This region stores, grinds and transports food to the next region. [7] Included in this are the buccal cavity, the pharynx, the oesophagus, the crop (stores food), and proventriculus or gizzard (grinds food). [4]
Polytene chromosomes are present in secretory tissues of dipteran insects such as the Malpighian tubules of Sciara and also in protists, plants, mammals, or in cells from other insects. Some of the largest polytene chromosomes described thus far occur in larval salivary gland cells of the chironomid genus Axarus .
Brochosomes are produced within cells of specialized glandular segments of the Malpighian tubules – the primary excretory organs of insects, which often serve additional functions. Each cell simultaneously manufactures a large number of brochosomes within its Golgi complexes and eventually releases them into the lumen of the tubule. [7] [8 ...
To conserve water, air-breathing chelicerates excrete waste as solids that are removed from their blood by Malpighian tubules, structures that also evolved independently in insects. [3] While the marine horseshoe crabs rely on external fertilization, air-breathing chelicerates use internal but usually indirect fertilization.
An ionocyte (formerly called a chloride cell) is a mitochondrion-rich cell within ionoregulatory organs of animals, such as teleost fish gill, insect Malpighian tubules, crustacean gills, antennal glands and maxillary glands, and copepod Crusalis organs. [1]