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Since World War II, Dutch emigrants have mainly departed the Netherlands for Canada, the Federal Republic of Germany, the United States, Belgium, Australia, and South Africa, in that order. Today, large Dutch communities also exist in the United Kingdom, France, Spain, Turkey, and New Zealand. [30]
The Dutch digraph ij corresponds to y in Afrikaans, in line with older Dutch spelling norms, although pronunciation remains [ɛi]. An example is prijs (price), which is spelt prys in Afrikaans. Dutch words ending in lijk , however, end in lik in Afrikaans, not lyk , for example lelijk (ugly) in Dutch becomes lelik in
In Suriname today, Dutch is the sole official language, [91] and over 60 percent of the population speaks it as a mother tongue. [92] Dutch is the obligatory medium of instruction in schools in Suriname, even for non-native speakers. [93] A further twenty-four percent of the population speaks Dutch as a second language. [94]
Modern Dutch (Dutch: Nieuwnederlands) is the term for variety of Dutch spoken and written since around the 1500s, this is to distinguish it from the previous phases of the languages, Middle Dutch and Old Dutch. The term Early Modern Dutch has been applied to the Dutch spoken in the 16th and 17th centuries.
It includes countries, which have Afrikaans and/or Dutch as (one of) their nationwide official language(s), as well as dependent territories with Afrikaans and/or Dutch as a co-official language. Worldwide, Afrikaans and Dutch as native or second language are spoken by approximately 46 million people.
Dutch speakers, or Batavophones, are globally concentrated in the Netherlands, Belgium, and Suriname. Dutch is also spoken in minority areas through Europe and in many immigrant communities in all over the world. Afrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch, but is regarded as a separate language and will not be analyzed in this article.
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Science, military and art (especially painting) were among the most acclaimed in the world. By 1650, the Dutch owned 16,000 merchant ships. [85] The Dutch East India Company and the Dutch West India Company established colonies and trading posts all over the world. The Dutch settlement in North America began with the founding of New Amsterdam ...