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The G-quadruplex decoy strategy is another promising approach for targeting cancer cells by exploiting the unique structural features of the G-quadruplex. The strategy involves designing synthetic oligonucleotides that mimic the G-quadruplex structure and compete with the endogenous G-quadruplexes for binding to transcription factors.
Telomestatin is a macrocyclic chemical compound that acts by inhibiting the telomerase activity of in vitro cancer cells. [1] It was first isolated from the bacteria Streptomyces anulatus. [1] Telomestatin induces the formation of basket-type G-quadruplex (G4) structures from hybrid-type G-quadruplexes in the telomeric region.
The resulting square planar structure is known as a guanine tetrad (also known as a G-tetrad or G-quartet) and when two or more guanine tetrads stack on top of each other, they form a G-quadruplex. These complex structures have been shown help to modulate telomere length through inhibition telomerase's ability to add tandem TTAGGG repeats ...
I-motif DNA forms from any complementary strand of G-quadruplex forming sequence. G-quadruplexes are helically shaped and found in nucleic acids that are rich in guanine. These secondary structures possess guanine tetrads formed into one of three types of strands: one, two, or four.
In 2017, the Xodo group reported anthrafurandione and anthrathiophenedione small molecules with aminoethyl side chains could bind to RNA G-quadraplexes at the 5’-UTR of certain mRNAs. Further, these compounds were shown to suppress the KRAS oncogene in pancreatic cancer cells and induce apoptosis by reducing the metabolic activity of the ...
The group focuses its studies on the control of NME2, a metastasis suppressor, on telomerase function and the biological action of DNA secondary structures like G-quadruplex. [9] He and his colleagues are reported to have developed a new mechanism for gene regulation and elucidated the process of gene transcription involving G-quadruplex. [10]
This method could potentially modulate the activity of G-quadruplex DNA, crucial in gene expression and telomere maintenance, offering new therapeutic avenues, particularly in cancer treatment. The study underscores photopharmacology's promise in targeting specific DNA structures, suggesting G-quadruplex DNA as a viable target for future ...
In molecular biology, a guanine tetrad (also known as a G-tetrad or G-quartet) is a structure composed of four guanine bases in a square planar array. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They most prominently contribute to the structure of G-quadruplexes , where their hydrogen bonding stabilizes the structure.