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Maro Reef (Hawaiian: Nalukākala - "surf that arrives in combers") is a largely submerged coral atoll located in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands It was discovered in 1820 by Captain Joseph Allen of the ship Maro , after whose ship the reef was named.
The south shore of Molokai boasts the longest fringing reef in the U.S. and its holdings—nearly 25 mi (40 km) long. [10] Molokai is part of the state of Hawaii and located in Maui County, Hawaii, except for the Kalaupapa Peninsula, which is separately administered as Kalawao County.
Palmyra Atoll (/ p æ l ˈ m aɪ r ə /), also referred to as Palmyra Island, is one of the Northern Line Islands (southeast of Kingman Reef and north of Kiribati). It is located almost due south of the Hawaiian Islands, roughly one-third of the way between Hawaii and American Samoa.
Barren of vegetation, it was used by Ancient Hawaiians for religious purposes, but not for long-term habitation. French Frigate Shoals is an atoll, the largest region of coral reefs in Hawaii, at 200 square miles (520 km 2). The atoll is composed of a dozen or so small islands, one of which (Tern Island) contains an airport and human habitations.
The crater houses a reef with visibility as deep as 150 feet (46 m). Molokini is home to about 250 species of fish, many endemic (see Ecology below). The best conditions occur in early morning. [5] The water depth is 20–50 feet (6–15 m) in the majority of the allowed dive spots.
About 132,000 square miles (340,000 km 2) of the monument are part of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve, designated in 2000. The monument also includes the Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge (590,991.50 acres (2,391.7 km 2 )) [ 9 ] and Battle of Midway National Memorial, the Hawaii State Seabird Sanctuary at Kure ...
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That reef is now over 516 ft (157 m) thick [14] (in the lagoon, 1,261 ft (384 m), composed mostly of post-Miocene limestones with a layer of upper Miocene (Tertiary g) sediments and lower Miocene (Tertiary e) limestones at the bottom overlying the basalts). What remains today is a shallow water atoll about 6 mi (9.7 km) across.