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The Deuteronomic Code is the name given by academics to the law code set out in chapters 12 to 26 of the Book of Deuteronomy in the Hebrew Bible. [1] The code outlines a special relationship between the Israelites and Yahweh [2] and provides instructions covering "a variety of topics including religious ceremonies and ritual purity, civil and criminal law, and the conduct of war". [1]
It consists of a historical prologue; an introduction; the Deuteronomic Code followed by blessings and curses; and a conclusion. [12] The book's core is the law code (chapters 12–26). [13] 2 Kings 22–23 tells how a "Book of the Law," commonly identified with the law code, was found in the Temple in Jerusalem during the reign of Josiah. [14]
Whether the Deuteronomic Code was written in Josiah's time (late 7th century BC) or earlier is subject to debate, but many of the individual laws are older than the collection itself. [23] The two poems at chapters 32–33 – the Song of Moses and the Blessing of Moses were probably originally independent. [22]
The Holiness Code has a similarity of structure with both the Covenant Code and the Deuteronomic Code. Like these, it opens with a law regulating ceremonies at the altar, lists a series of disparate laws, and then closes with a set of promises for obeying the law, and curses for failing to do so. While some of the laws appear more developed ...
The Deuteronomic Code is regarded by textual scholars as dating from the reign of Josiah, [21] which postdates the fall of the Kingdom of Israel to the Assyrians; this is considered to be the reason that only three (unnamed) cities of refuge are mentioned in the Deuteronomic Code, [27] with a further three only being added if the Israelite ...
According to Joel Baden, "The Covenant Code is a part of E; the priestly laws [of Leviticus and Numbers] are part of P; and the deuteronomic laws [of Deuteronomy 12–26] stand at the center of D." [3] Regardless of precise positions on the process, scholars agree that the Covenant Code was produced by a long process in which it changed over ...
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The majority of scholars today continue to recognise Deuteronomy as a source, with its origin in the law-code produced at the court of Josiah as described by De Wette, subsequently given a frame during the exile (the speeches and descriptions at the front and back of the code) to identify it as the words of Moses. [37]