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Lithium-based greases are the most commonly used; sodium and lithium-based greases have higher melting point (dropping point) than calcium-based greases but are not resistant to the action of water. Lithium-based grease has a dropping point at 190 to 220 °C (374 to 428 °F).
Calcium stearate is a waxy material with low solubility in water, unlike traditional sodium and potassium soaps. It is also easy and cheap to produce, and exhibits low toxicity. These attributes are the basis of many of its applications. Related applications exist for the magnesium stearate. [1]
For parts that are inaccessible for lubrication after assembly, a dry film lubricant can be sprayed. After the solvent evaporates, the coating cures at room temperature to form a solid lubricant. Pastes are grease-like lubricants containing a high percentage of solid lubricants used for assembly and lubrication of highly loaded, slow-moving parts.
Calcium and magnesium soaps are most commonly encountered as soap scum but the pure materials have a variety of uses. Magnesium stearate and calcium stearate are used as excipients , lubricants, release agents , and food additives , with the later use being covered by the generic E numbers of E470b and E470 respectively.
Greases are typically composed of about 80% lubricating oil, around 5% to 10% thickener, and approximately 10% to 15% additives. In most common greases, the thickener is a light or alkali metal soap, forming a sponge-like structure that encapsulates the oil droplets.
Lithium 12-hydroxystearate and other lithium-based fatty acids are important constituents of lubricating greases. In lithium-based greases, lithium carboxylates are thickeners. "Complex soaps" are also common, these being combinations of more than one acid salt, such as azelaic or acetic acid. [7]
Carolina Schneider, M.S., RD, a Brooklyn, N.Y.-based dietitian, is a big fan of frozen leafy greens like spinach and kale. “Leafy greens are packed with vitamin K, which supports memory and ...
WD-40's formula is a trade secret. [17] The original copy of the formula was moved to a secure bank vault in San Diego in 2018. [18] To avoid disclosing its composition, the product was not patented in 1953, and the window of opportunity for patenting it has long since closed.