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Pacelli was made a Cardinal-Priest of Santi Giovanni e Paolo al Celio on 16 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI, and within a few months, on 7 February 1930, Pius XI appointed him Cardinal Secretary of State, responsible for foreign policy and state relations throughout the world. In 1935, Pacelli was named Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church.
Papa Filippo Pacelli 1837-1916. Eugenio was born into a family which, for most of the 19th century, was in service to the Holy See. The Pacelli family had a long tradition of legal training. His grandfather, Marcantonio Pacelli, had been minister of finance for Pope Gregory XVI and deputy minister of the interior under Pope Pius IX from
Pacelli was the first Pope born in Rome since Innocent XIII, in 1721, and the first member of the Roman Curia to become Pontiff since Gregory XVI (1831). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Another Curial cardinal would not be elected Pope until the 2005 papal conclave , who chose the name Benedict XVI .
On behalf of Cardinal Pacelli, his long-time associate Prelate Ludwig Kaas, the out-going chairman of the Centre Party, negotiated first drafts of the terms with Papen. [44] The concordat was finally signed, by Pacelli for the Vatican and von Papen for Germany, on 20 July and ratified on September 10, 1933. [45]
A morte il papa Pacelli, Noi siam Fascisti repubblican! A morte il re, viva Grazian, Evviva il Fascio Repubblican! Vogliamo scolpire una lapide, Incisa su tutti i giardini: Siamo squadristi di Mussolini, Noi siam Fascisti repubblican! A morte il re, viva Grazian, Evviva il Fascio Repubblican! Vogliamo scolpire una lapide, Incisa col nostro pugnale:
Pascalina Lehnert (25 August 1894 – 13 November 1983), born Josefina Lehnert, was a German religious sister who served as Pope Pius XII's housekeeper, confidant, and secretary from his period as Apostolic Nuncio to Bavaria in 1917 until his death as pope in 1958. [1]
The Reichskonkordat ("Concordat between the Holy See and the German Reich" [1]) is a treaty negotiated between the Vatican and the emergent Nazi Germany.It was signed on 20 July 1933 by Cardinal Secretary of State Eugenio Pacelli, who later became Pope Pius XII, on behalf of Pope Pius XI and Vice Chancellor Franz von Papen on behalf of President Paul von Hindenburg and the German government.
Pio XII. Il Papa degli ebrei. Piemme, Casale Monferrato 2002, pp. 411, ISBN 88-384-4763-2; Andrea Tornielli. Pio XII. Eugenio Pacelli. Un uomo sul trono di Pietro. Mondadori 2007, pp. 661, Andrea Tornielli e Matteo Luigi Napolitano. Pacelli, Roncalli e i battesimi della Shoah, Piemme, Casale Monferrato 2005, ISBN 88-384-1043-7