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The Union blockade in the American Civil War was a naval strategy by the United States to prevent the Confederacy from trading.. The blockade was proclaimed by President Abraham Lincoln in April 1861, and required the monitoring of 3,500 miles (5,600 km) of Atlantic and Gulf coastline, including 12 major ports, notably New Orleans and Mobile.
The Atlantic Blockading Squadron was a unit of the United States Navy created in the early days of the American Civil War to enforce the Union blockade of the ports of the Confederate States. It was formed in 1861 and split up the same year for the creation of the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron and the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron.
Tucker, Spencer, Blue & gray navies: the Civil War afloat. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 2006. ISBN 1-59114-882-0; Wise, Stephen R., Lifeline of the Confederacy: blockade running during the Civil War. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1988. ISBN 0-87249-554-X; National Park Service battle summary; CWSAC Report Update
The first shots of the naval war were fired on April 12, 1861, during the Battle of Fort Sumter, by the US Revenue Cutter Service cutter USRC Harriet Lane. The final shots were fired on June 22, 1865, by the Confederate raider CSS Shenandoah in the Bering Strait , more than two months after General Robert E. Lee 's surrender of the Confederate ...
Anderson, Bern, By Sea and By River: The Naval History of the Civil War. Knopf, 1962. Reprint, Da Capo, 1989, ISBN 0-306-80367-4. Bennett, Michael J. Union Jacks: Yankee Sailors in the Civil War (2004). online; Browning, Robert M. Jr., From Cape Charles to Cape Fear: The North Atlantic Blockading Squadron During the Civil War.
This is a list of ships of the Confederate States Navy (CSN), used by the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War between 1861 and 1865. Included are some types of civilian vessels, such as blockade runners , steamboats , and privateers which contributed to the war efforts by the CSN.
By the end of the Civil War, the Union Navy had captured more than 1,100 blockade runners and had destroyed or run aground another 355. The Union had also reduced the American South's exports of cotton by 95 percent from pre-war levels, devaluing the Confederate States dollar and severely damaging the Confederacy's economy. [2] [3]
By Sea and by River: The Naval History of the Civil War. Knopf; reprint, Da Capo, n.d. ISBN 0-306-80367-4. Browning, Robert M. Jr. (1993). From Cape Charles to Cape Fear: the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron during the Civil War. University of Alabama. ISBN 0-8173-5019-5. Davis, William C. (1975). Duel Between the First Ironclads. Doubleday.