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  2. Exponential discounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_discounting

    Therefore, the preferences at t = 1 is preserved at t = 2; thus, the exponential discount function demonstrates dynamically consistent preferences over time. For its simplicity, the exponential discounting assumption is the most commonly used in economics. However, alternatives like hyperbolic discounting have more empirical support.

  3. Discounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discounting

    [2] [6] The "discount rate" is the rate at which the "discount" must grow as the delay in payment is extended. [7] This fact is directly tied into the time value of money and its calculations. [1] The present value of $1,000, 100 years into the future. Curves representing constant discount rates of 2%, 3%, 5%, and 7%

  4. Stochastic discount factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stochastic_discount_factor

    The concept of the stochastic discount factor (SDF) is used in financial economics and mathematical finance. The name derives from the price of an asset being computable by "discounting" the future cash flow x ~ i {\displaystyle {\tilde {x}}_{i}} by the stochastic factor m ~ {\displaystyle {\tilde {m}}} , and then taking the expectation. [ 1 ]

  5. Price optimization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_optimization

    Price optimization utilizes data analysis to predict the behavior of potential buyers to different prices of a product or service. Depending on the type of methodology being implemented, the analysis may leverage survey data (e.g. such as in a conjoint pricing analysis [7]) or raw data (e.g. such as in a behavioral analysis leveraging 'big data' [8] [9]).

  6. Cost of goods sold - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_of_goods_sold

    These costs are treated as an expense in the period the business recognizes income from sale of the goods. [4] Determining costs requires keeping records of goods or materials purchased and any discounts on such purchase. In addition, if the goods are modified, [5] the business must determine the costs incurred in modifying the goods. Such ...

  7. Sell-through - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sell-through

    By that measure, a sell-through percentage of a print run of roughly 50% was considered break-even by the standard fiscal measures of the comic book market. When Marvel Comics came to prominence under Stan Lee 's new artistic direction in the early 1960s, his publishing line by title quantity was highly restricted because their distributor was ...

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  9. Present value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_value

    Equivalently C is the periodic loan repayment for a loan of PV extending over n periods at interest rate, i. The formula is valid (for positive n, i) for ni≤3. For completeness, for ni≥3 the approximation is . The formula can, under some circumstances, reduce the calculation to one of mental arithmetic alone.