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  2. Polychlorinated biphenyl - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polychlorinated_biphenyl

    The coplanar group members have a fairly rigid structure, with their two phenyl rings in the same plane. It renders their structure similar to polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans , and allows them to act like PCDDs, as an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in organisms.

  3. PCB congener list - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCB_congener_list

    Congener descriptors give a shorthand notation for geometry and substituent positions. The twelve congeners that display all four of the descriptors are referred to as being "dioxin-like", referring both to their toxicity and structural features which make them similar to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2378-TCDD). [1]

  4. Coplanar waveguide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coplanar_waveguide

    Coplanar waveguides play an important role in the field of solid state quantum computing, e.g. for the coupling of microwave photons to a superconducting qubit.In particular the research field of circuit quantum electrodynamics was initiated with coplanar waveguide resonators as crucial elements that allow for high field strength and thus strong coupling to a superconducting qubit by confining ...

  5. Via fence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_fence

    Via fences use up a lot of valuable substrate real estate and so will increase the overall size of the assembly. Via fences too close to the line being guarded can degrade the isolation otherwise achievable. In stripline, a rule of thumb is to place the fences at least four times the trace to groundplane distance away from the line being ...

  6. Polybrominated biphenyl - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polybrominated_biphenyl

    Exposure to the coplanar stereoisomer 3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexabromobiphenyl (but not the non-coplanar stereoisomer) in genetically susceptible mice is known to cause immunotoxicity and disorders related to the central nervous system, and even at doses as low as 2.5 mg/kg, excess neonatal fatalities are observed (LD 50 is from 5–10 mg/kg). [1]

  7. Printed circuit board - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_board

    A printed circuit board (PCB), also called printed wiring board (PWB), is a laminated sandwich structure of conductive and insulating layers, each with a pattern of traces, planes and other features (similar to wires on a flat surface) etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto or between sheet layers of a non-conductive ...

  8. File:Coplanar waveguide structure.svg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coplanar_waveguide...

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  9. Persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent,_bio...

    Coplanar PCBs are similar to dioxins and furans, both bind to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in organisms and may exert dioxin-like effects, in addition to the effects shared with non-coplanar PCBs. [9] [10] The AhR is a transcription factor, therefore, abnormal activation may disrupt cellular function by altering gene transcription. [9] [10]