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The term nephrocalcinosis is used to describe the deposition of both calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. [1] It may cause acute kidney injury. It is now more commonly used to describe diffuse, fine, renal parenchymal calcification in radiology. [2] It is caused by multiple different conditions and is determined by progressive kidney dysfunction.
Grade 1 (mild) – Mild renal pelvis dilation (anteroposterior diameter less than 10 mm in fetuses [18]) without dilation of the calyces nor parenchymal atrophy; Grade 2 (mild) – Moderate renal pelvis dilation (between 10 and 15 mm in fetuses [18]), including a few calyces; Grade 3 (moderate) – Renal pelvis dilation with all calyces ...
About one in ten people have chronic kidney disease. In Canada 1.9 to 2.3 million people were estimated to have CKD in 2008. [69] CKD affected an estimated 16.8% of U.S. adults aged 20 years and older in the period from 1999 to 2004. [101] In 2007 8.8% of the population of Great Britain and Northern Ireland had symptomatic CKD. [102]
Kidney disease, or renal disease, technically referred to as nephropathy, is damage to or disease of a kidney. Nephritis is an inflammatory kidney disease and has several types according to the location of the inflammation. Inflammation can be diagnosed by blood tests. Nephrosis is non-inflammatory kidney disease.
Pyonephrosis (from Greek pyon 'pus' and nephros 'kidney' [1]) is a dangerous kidney infection that is characterized by pus accumulation in the renal collecting system. [2] It is linked to renal collecting system blockage and suppurative renal parenchymal destruction, which result in complete or nearly complete kidney failure. [3]
Segmental hypoplasia or Ask-Upmark kidney is a rare renal disease where a part of the kidney has undergone hypoplasia. The number of renal lobes is reduced, and the kidney size is less than two standard deviations from the average, with the weight often being over 50g in adults and 12–25g in children.
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Kidney ischemia [1] is a disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. [2] Blood vessels shrink and undergo apoptosis which results in poor blood flow in the kidneys. More complications happen when failure of the kidney functions result in toxicity in various parts of the body which may cause septic shock, hypovolemia, and a need for surgery. [3]