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Map of Southern Africa: Dark Green: Southern Africa (UN subregion) Green: Geographic, including above Light Green: Southern African Development Community (SADC) The history of Southern Africa has been divided into its prehistory, its ancient history, the major polities flourishing, the colonial period, and the post-colonial period, in which the current nations were formed.
Historian Jan Vansina (1962) discusses the classification of Sub–Saharan African Kingdoms, mostly of Central, South and East Africa, with some additional data on West African (Sahelian) Kingdoms distinguishing five types, by decreasing centralization of power: [19]
Suggestions before editing this map: Be sure to confirm it with multiple sources, and that it would be considered a true civilization. Also if you add to the map please name the layers and objects to keep it organized. A lot of the civilizations on this page do not have the times they existed. If this could be added it would be very beneficial.
Amhara, Oromo, Beja and Falasha, which all grouped into four tight clusters. On the projection axis, Amhara, Oromo, Beja and Falasha were genetically located in an intermediate position between the cluster made by Southern Arabians, and that of the Sub-Saharan Africans, with these tribes exhibiting high affinity towards Arabians. [21]
Smaller states in the region at this time included Takrur to the west, the Malinke kingdom of Mali to the south, and the Songhai centred on Gao to the east. When Ghana collapsed in the face of invasion from the Almoravids and conquest by the Sosso Empire ; after 1235, the Mali Empire rose to dominate the region, which traded with Bono state at ...
Punt was a trade partner of Ancient Egypt and it is believed that it was located in modern-day Somalia, Djibouti or Eritrea. [4] Phoenician cities such as Carthage were part of the Mediterranean Iron Age and classical antiquity. Sub-Saharan Africa developed more or less independently in those times. [citation needed]
Hellenistic era geographers defined Ancient Egypt as part of Asia, taking the boundary of Asia and Egypt to lie at the Catabathmus Magnus (the escarpment of Akabah el-Kebir in western Egypt). Ptolemy's world map (2nd century) shows a reasonable awareness of the general topography of North Africa, but is unaware of anything south of the equator.
The terms African civilizations, also classical African civilizations, or African empires are terms that generally refer to the various pre-colonial African kingdoms.The civilizations usually include Egypt, Carthage, Axum, [1] Numidia, and Nubia, [1] but may also be extended to the prehistoric Land of Punt and others: Kingdom of Dagbon, the Empire of Ashanti, Kingdom of Kongo, Empire of Mali ...