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Cytology is the name given to the branch of biology that deals with the formation, structure and functionality of the cells. [1] Liver cytology specializes in the study of liver cells. The main liver cells are called hepatocytes; however, there are other cells that can be observed in a liver sample such as Kupffer cells (macrophages). [2]
For these purposes, hepatocytes are usually isolated from animal or human [8] whole liver or liver tissue by collagenase digestion, which is a two-step process. In the first step, the liver is placed in an isotonic solution, in which calcium is removed to disrupt cell-cell tight junctions by the use of a calcium chelating agent .
In COVID-19 B cell, natural killer cell, and total lymphocyte counts decline, but both CD4 + and CD8 + cells decline to a far greater extent. [12] Low CD4 + predicted greater likelihood of intensive care unit admission, and CD4 + cell count was the only parameter that predicted length of time for viral RNA clearance.
The Terminologia Histologica (TH) is the controlled vocabulary for use in cytology and histology. [1] [2] In April 2011, Terminologia Histologica was published online [3] by the Federative International Programme on Anatomical Terminologies (FIPAT), the successor of FCAT. It was intended to replace Nomina Histologica.
During fetal development, hematopoiesis occurs mainly in the fetal liver and in the spleen followed by localization to the bone marrow. [4] Hematopoiesis also takes place in many other tissues or organs such as the yolk sac, the aorta-gonad mesonephros (AGM) region, and lymph nodes. During development, vertebrates go through a primitive and a ...
A high gradient (> 1.1 g/dL, >11 g/L) indicates the ascites is due to portal hypertension, either liver related or non-liver related, with approximately 97% accuracy. [2] This is due to increased hydrostatic pressure within the blood vessels of the hepatic portal system , which in turn forces water into the peritoneal cavity but leaves proteins ...
Papanicolaou staining, or PAP staining, was developed to replace fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in hopes of decreasing staining times and cost without compromising quality. This stain is a frequently used method for examining cell samples from a variety of tissue types in various organs.
Digestive system: digestion and processing food with salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, intestines, rectum, anus; Endocrine system: communication within the body using hormones made by endocrine glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands