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The term Punic comes from the Latin word Punicus (or Poenicus), meaning "Phoenician", and is a reference to the Carthaginians' Phoenician ancestry. [1] The main source for almost every aspect of the First Punic War is the historian Polybius (c. 200 – c. 118 BC), a Greek sent to Rome in 167 BC as a hostage.
Date: 19 April 2012: Source: Own work. Modified version of: Shepherd, William R. (1923) "Rome and Carthage at the Beginning of the Second Punic War, 218 B.C." in Historical Atlas, Category:New York: Henry Holt and Company, p. 32 OCLC: 1980660.
Original upload log. This image is a derivative work of the following images: File:Rome_carthage_218.jpg licensed with PD-US . 2006-11-17T15:51:02Z Rune X2 1108x822 (194898 Bytes) == Summary == '''Rome and Carthage at the Beginning of the Second Punic War, 218 B.C.''' Scan from "Historical Atlas" by William R. Shepherd, New York, Henry Holt and Company, 1923.
Carthage turned to the maritime offensive, inflicting another heavy naval defeat at the battle of Phintias and all but swept the Romans from the sea. [112] It was to be seven years before Rome again attempted to field a substantial fleet, while Carthage put most of its ships into reserve to save money and free up manpower. [113] [114]
The Second Punic War (218 to 201 BC) was the second of three wars fought between Carthage and Rome, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean in the 3rd century BC. For 17 years the two states struggled for supremacy, primarily in Italy and Iberia, but also on the islands of Sicily and Sardinia and, towards the end of the war, in North Africa.
[57] [58] From Tunis the Romans raided and devastated the immediate area around Carthage. [58] Many of Carthage's African possessions took the opportunity to rise in revolt. The city of Carthage was packed with refugees fleeing Regulus or the rebels, and food ran out. In despair, according to most ancient sources, the Carthaginians sued for peace.
The main source for almost every aspect of the First Punic War [note 1] is the historian Polybius (c. 200 – c.118 BC), a Greek sent to Rome in 167 BC as a hostage. [2] [3] His works include a now-lost manual on military tactics, [4] but he is known today for The Histories, written sometime after 146 BC, or about a century after the Battle of the Aegates.
They reveal changes in how Rome perceived itself and how Carthage perceived Rome, and the differences between the perception of the cities and their actual characteristics. As city-states that became empires, Rome and Carthage eventually found it necessary to formalize their reciprocal interests and zones of influence. For centuries, the two ...