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The law applicable to a British hereditary peerage depends on which Kingdom it belongs to. Peerages of England, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom follow English law; the difference between them is that peerages of England were created before the Act of Union 1707, peerages of Great Britain between 1707 and the Union with Ireland in 1800, and peerages of the United Kingdom since 1800.
Prior to the Life Peerages Act 1958, membership in the House of Lords was strictly male and overwhelmingly based on possession of a hereditary title. There existed a few exceptions to the hereditary principle, such as for the Lords Spiritual. The Act made it possible for life peers of both sexes to be members of the Lords.
She conferred hereditary viscountcies, earldoms and dukedoms on men, mostly during the first twelve years of her reign. She did not confer any marquessates, nor any titles in the peerage of Ireland. See also the preceding Category:Peers created by George VI and the succeeding Category:Peers created by Charles III
Many cases were heard by Lords with no legal education or experience, and this led to public discontent. It was suggested that more judges be appointed to the House of Lords, but it was not desired that their descendants continue to sit by virtue of the peerages they would have inherited had the judges been created hereditary peers. It was ...
Date of creation Name Title Territorial qualification Party affiliation when taking seat Date of retirement (if applicable) Date of extinction (if applicable)
Hereditary peers of first creation living at the time the House of Lords Act 1999 came into force. 2: Hereditary peers who had served as Leader of the House of Lords living at the time the House of Lords Act 1999 came into force. 3: Suo jure hereditary peeress not otherwise able to enter the House before the Peerage Act 1963. † Died in office Res
Similarly, Lord Reed was created a life peer in 2019 when he was appointed President of the Supreme Court, [9] all of his predecessors in that role having already been created life peers as former Lords of Appeal in Ordinary. Life peerages may in certain cases be awarded to hereditary peers.
This is a list of life peerages in the peerage of the United Kingdom created under the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876.On 1 October 2009, the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 was repealed by Schedule 18 to the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 [1] [2] owing to the creation of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom.