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Hobson and McCarley originally proposed in the 1970s that the differences in the waking-NREM-REM sleep cycle was the result of interactions between aminergic REM-off cells and cholinergic REM-on cells. [5] This was perceived as the activation-synthesis model, stating that brain activation during REM sleep results in synthesis of dream creation. [1]
Cholinergic activation of these higher areas was thought to result in the meaningless images that make up our dreams. This process is switched off by noradrenaline and serotonin which are also released by the brain stem. The formation of the Activation-Synthesis Model put forth by Allan Hobson and McCarley in 1975 rested largely on these ...
This includes the activation synthesis theory—the theory that dreams result from brain stem activation during REM sleep; the continual activation theory—the theory that dreaming is a result of activation and synthesis but dreams and REM sleep are controlled by different structures in the brain; and dreams as excitations of long-term memory ...
Reverse learning is a neurobiological theory of dreams. [1] In 1983, in a paper [2] published in the science journal Nature, Crick and Mitchison's reverse learning model likened the process of dreaming to a computer in that it was "off-line" during dreaming or the REM phase of sleep. During this phase, the brain sifts through information ...
In 1977, Hobson and McCarley developed the activation synthesis theory of dreaming that said that dreams do not have meanings and are the result of the brain attempting to make sense of random neuronal firing in the cortex. [2] McCarley has extensively studied the brainstem mechanisms that control REM sleep. [3]
One popular theory as to the reasoning behind dreams is Hobson's activation-synthesis theory. This theory states that while sleeping we cycle through REM (rapid eye movement) periods about every 90 minutes. During these periods various neurotransmitters fire off, causing dreams.
For more information of the importance of PGO waves during REM sleep, please refer to activation synthesis theory. Another area of potential research interest involves PGO waves during lucid dreaming , active imagination and hallucination .
Trait activation theory can also help an organization understand how to optimally motivate workers by offering them rewards suited to their individual traits (e.g., introverts will likely not be motivated by rewards involving public recognition such as "employee of the month" but extraverts will be [2]). In the workplace discussion, trait ...