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Immune responses to both organ rejection and severe bacterial infection can lead to similar symptoms such as swelling and fever that can make initial diagnosis difficult. To differentiate between acute rejection of an organ transplant and bacterial infections, plasma procalcitonin levels have been proposed as a potential diagnostic tool. [58]
A systematic review of 32 randomised controlled trials with 6,078 participants with acute respiratory infections compared procalcitonin (a blood marker for bacterial infections) to guide the initiation and duration of antibiotic treatment, against no use of procalcitonin. Among 3,336 people receiving procalcitonin-guided antibiotic therapy ...
Sepsis is caused by many organisms including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. [10] Common locations for the primary infection include the lungs, brain, urinary tract, skin, and abdominal organs. [2] Risk factors include being very young or old, a weakened immune system from conditions such as cancer or diabetes, major trauma, and burns. [1]
Schüffner's dots refers to a hematological finding that is associated with malaria, [1] exclusively found in infections caused by Plasmodium ovale or Plasmodium vivax. [2] Plasmodium vivax induces morphologic alterations in infected host erythrocytes that are visible by light microscopy in Romanowsky-stained blood smears as multiple brick-red ...
Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are infections of blood caused by blood-borne pathogens. [1] The detection of microbes in the blood (most commonly accomplished by blood cultures [2]) is always abnormal. A bloodstream infection is different from sepsis, which is characterized by severe inflammatory or immune responses of the host organism to ...
Urinary tract infections, bacterial prostatitis, community-acquired pneumonia, bacterial diarrhea, mycoplasmal infections, gonorrhea: Nausea (rare), irreversible damage to central nervous system (uncommon), tendinosis (rare) Inhibits the bacterial DNA gyrase or the topoisomerase IV enzyme, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and transcription ...
Septic arthritis is most commonly caused by a bacterial infection. [14] Bacteria can enter the joint by: The bloodstream from an infection elsewhere (most common) Direct penetration into the joint (arthrocentesis, arthroscopy, trauma) [2] A surrounding infection in the bone or tissue (uncommon, from osteomyelitis, septic bursitis, abscess) [2 ...
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