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  2. Pulmonary alveolus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_alveolus

    Reinflation of the alveoli following exhalation is made easier by the surfactant, which reduces surface tension in the thin fluid lining of the alveoli. The fluid coating is produced by the body in order to facilitate the transfer of gases between blood and alveolar air, and the type II cells are typically found at the blood–air barrier. [19 ...

  3. Diffuse alveolar damage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_alveolar_damage

    Alveolar type II epithelial cells play the critical roles of producing surfactant, moving water out of the airspaces, and regenerating alveolar epithelium. [5] The alveolar type II epithelial cells are more resistant to damage, so after an insult to the alveoli, most of the damage will occur to the alveolar type I epithelial cells. [5]

  4. Alveolar macrophage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_macrophage

    Micrograph showing hemosiderin-laden alveolar macrophages, as seen in a pulmonary hemorrhage. H&E stain.. An alveolar macrophage, pulmonary macrophage, (or dust cell) is a type of macrophage, a professional phagocyte, found in the airways and at the level of the alveoli in the lungs, but separated from their walls.

  5. Respiratory tract - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_tract

    Here the red blood cells absorb oxygen from the air and then carry it back in the form of oxyhaemaglobin, to nourish the cells. The red blood cells also carry carbon dioxide (CO 2) away from the cells in the form of carbaminohemoglobin and release it into the alveoli through the alveolar capillaries. When the diaphragm relaxes, a positive ...

  6. Blood–air barrier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood–air_barrier

    The blood–air barrier or air–blood barrier, (alveolar–capillary barrier or membrane) exists in the gas exchanging region of the lungs. It exists to prevent air bubbles from forming in the blood , and from blood entering the alveoli .

  7. Siderophage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siderophage

    Alveolar macrophages (dust cells) engulf the red blood cells, and become engorged with brownish hemosiderin. In chronic pulmonary edema, alveolar septa become thick and fibrous, again increasing pressure on alveolar capillaries and resulting in leakage of red blood cells which undergo phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages.

  8. Emphysema - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emphysema

    Diagram of alveoli with emphysema. Emphysema is a respiratory disease of the lower respiratory tract. [7] It is commonly caused by tobacco smoking but some people are affected who have never smoked. [14] The presence of emphysema is a clear risk factor for lung cancer, made stronger in those who smoke. [20] Early symptoms of emphysema vary.

  9. Pulmonary surfactant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_surfactant

    Alveoli are the spherical outcroppings of the respiratory bronchioles. Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active complex of phospholipids and proteins formed by type II alveolar cells . [ 1 ] The proteins and lipids that make up the surfactant have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.