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The memory bus connects the northbridge and RAM, just as the front-side bus connects the CPU and northbridge. Often, these two buses must operate at the same frequency. Increasing the front-side bus to 450 MHz in most cases also means running the memory at 450 MHz. In newer systems, it is possible to see memory ratios of "4:5" and the like.
A phase-locked loop in the CPU then multiplies the FSB clock by a factor in order to get the CPU speed. [1] Example: A Core 2 Duo E6600 processor is listed as 2.4 GHz with a 1066 MHz FSB. The FSB is known to be quad-pumped, so its clock frequency is 1066/4 = 266 MHz. Therefore, the CPU multiplier is 2400/266, or 9×.
Model Number Clock Speed L2 Cache FSB Speed Clock Multiplier Voltage Range TDP Socket Release Date C7-M 754: 1.5 GHz: 128 KB: 400 MHz: 15×: 1.004 V: 12 W: Socket 479
Processors began to have a front-side bus (FSB) clock speed used in communication with RAM and other components. Typically, the processor itself ran at a clock speed that was a multiple of the FSB clock speed. Intel's Pentium III, for example, had an internal clock speed of 450–600 MHz and an FSB speed of 100–133 MHz.
Ideally, Front Side Bus and system memory should run at the same clock speed because FSB connects system memory to the CPU, but it is sometimes desired to run the FSB and system memory at different clock speeds. It is possible to run FSB and memory clock at different clock speeds, within certain limits of the motherboard and corresponding ...
The 'B' suffix denotes a 133 MHz FSB when the same speed was also available with a 100 MHz FSB. The 'E' suffix denotes a processor with support for Intel's Advanced Transfer Cache [1] in Intel documentation; in reality it indicates a Coppermine core when the same speed was available as either Katmai or Coppermine. The 'E' suffix was not used on ...
Processor FSB supported Memory type supported High-speed interfaces provided Preferred IOCH 860 [12] Colusa 400 MT/s Two channels of ECC RDRAM at 800 or 600 MT/s, up to 3.2 GB/s AGP 4× port and three hub interfaces for two 533 MB/s PCI buses and a 266 MB/s bus to ICH2 ICH2 E7205 Granite Bay 400 or 533 MT/s
The Intel QuickPath Interconnect (QPI) [1] [2] is a scalable processor interconnect developed by Intel which replaced the front-side bus (FSB) in Xeon, Itanium, and certain desktop platforms starting in 2008. It increased the scalability and available bandwidth.