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Galveston Island (/ ˈ ɡ æ l v ɪ s t ən / GAL-vis-tən) is a barrier island on the Texas Gulf Coast in the United States, about 50 miles (80.5 km) southeast of Houston.The entire island, with the exception of Jamaica Beach, is within the city limits of the City of Galveston in Galveston County.
Galveston (/ ˈ ɡ æ l v ɪ s t ən / GAL-vis-tən) is a coastal resort city and port off the Southeast Texas coast on Galveston Island and Pelican Island in the U.S. state of Texas.The community of 211.31 square miles (547.3 km 2), with a population of 53,695 at the 2020 census, [6] is the county seat of surrounding Galveston County and second-largest municipality in the county.
Galveston Island is a barrier island between Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. The island began to form around 5,000 years ago. It took another 3,000 years for the core to become high enough to withstand typical storm surges. [5] American Indians began to visit Galveston Island around 2,000 years ago. [5]
Galveston Island and the Bolivar Peninsula are generally at the greatest risk. However, though the island and the peninsula provide some shielding, [42] [43] the bay shoreline still faces significant danger from storm surge. [44] Hurricane Ike, the most economically and environmentally destructive event on the bay since 1900, struck in 2008. [45]
The new Galveston Island Historic Pleasure Pier was built 1,130 feet (340 m) out over the Gulf of Mexico waters. It had its "soft" opening on May 25, 2012. [6]The new pier complex is located where the original Pleasure Pier stood from 1943 until 1961, when it was destroyed by Hurricane Carla.
The Port of Galveston consists of the Galveston Ship Channel, the south side of Pelican Island, the north side of Galveston Island, and the entrance to Galveston Bay. The Galveston Channel has an authorized minimum depth of 45 feet (14 m) [2] and is 1,200 feet (370 m) wide at its narrowest point. The port has 15–20 lines of business. [8]
Jamaica Beach is a city in Galveston County, Texas, United States on Galveston Island.As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 1,078.The city is bordered by Galveston to the east and west, the east bay on the north, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south.
The George and Cynthia Mitchell Memorial Causeway is a set of causeways in Galveston, Texas, United States. Two of the routes carry the southbound and northbound traffic of Interstate 45, while the original causeway is restricted to rail traffic. It is the main roadway access point to Galveston Island. The second access point is Bolivar Ferry.
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