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The railways of Taiwan include conventional rail, rapid transit systems, and high-speed rail, as well as specialized railways for tourists and industry. Taiwan Railways Administration is an associate member and Taiwan High Speed Rail is an active member of the International Union of Railways (UIC), even though Taiwan does not have state membership.
The Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) is the national conventional passenger railway operator in Taiwan, established on 5 March 1948. Railway services began in 1891 between Keelung and Hsinchu under mainland China's Qing Dynasty, with a complete reform intended under the Japanese Colonial Government.
Taiwan Railway (TR) [II] is a state-owned conventional railway in Taiwan. It is operated by the Taiwan Railway Corporation under the supervision of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications, responsible for managing, maintaining, and running conventional passenger and freight railway services on 1,097 km (682 mi) of track in Taiwan. [1]
Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) [I] was a governmental agency in Taiwan which operated Taiwan Railway from 1948 to 2023. It managed, maintained, and operated conventional passenger and freight railway services on 1,097 km (682 mi) of track. [ 1 ]
After the electrification of the railway system around the island in 2020, passenger trains on the operating routes will rarely use diesel locomotives for traction, and service will be adjusted to use diesels exclusively for freight, emergency rescue, national defense and military needs. [1]
The two Inter-city rail systems, Taiwan Railways and Taiwan High Speed Rail, have several overlaps in station names. See below Taiwan High Speed Rail section for their relations in detail. There are five rapid transit systems in Taiwan: Taipei Metro, opened in March 1996, serves the core of Taipei–Keelung metropolitan area.
The share for conventional rail between Taipei and Kaohsiung fell from 9.71% in 2006 to 2.5% in 2008, while high-speed rail became the most common mode of transport at 50% of all trips by 2008. [97] The opening of THSR led to a 10% reduction of traffic on the parallel expressway in 2007. [ 98 ]
Western Trunk line (Chinese: 縱貫線; pinyin: Zòngguàn xiàn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chhiòng-koàn sòaⁿ) is a railway line of Taiwan Railway in western Taiwan. [1] [2] It is by far the busiest line, having served over 171 million passengers in 2016. The total length of the line is 404.5 km (251.3 mi).