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The independent Albania established on 28 November 1912 is the first Albanian state in modern history. [9] It was a parliamentary state. [10] Some sources refer to it as the Republic of Albania [11] [12] or the Albanian Republic.
The agreement recognized Northern Epirus as an autonomous and self-governing region of Albania under the suzerainty of the Albanian prince, while also acknowledging the Greek character of the area. However, due to political instability in Albania at that time, the protocol was never put into effect. [4]
In 1928, Zog transitioned Albania from a republic to a monarchy that garnered backing from Fascist Italy, with Zog assuming the title of King Zog I. Key constitutional changes dissolved the Senate and established a unicameral National Assembly while preserving Zog's authoritative powers. [90]
[c] In the spring of 1914, the Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus was proclaimed by ethnic Greeks in the territory and recognized by the Albanian government, though it proved short-lived as Albania collapsed with the onset of World War I. Greece held the area between 1914 and 1916 and unsuccessfully tried to annex it in March 1916.
On May 17, after the Greeks living in southern Albania declared the Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus, the Commission intervened in order to avoid escalation of the conflicts. As a result, the Protocol of Corfu was signed, which recognized the autonomous status of Albania's southern provinces, which consisted of Northern Epirus. Moreover ...
The Albanian Republic (Albanian: Republika Shqiptare) was the official name of Albania as enshrined in the Constitution of 1925. Albania came into an alliance with the Kingdom of Italy after signing the Treaties of Tirana, which gave Italy a monopoly on shipping and trade concessions. [1] Albania was declared a constitutional monarchy in 1928.
Albania within the borders of Ottoman Empire (1905) At the beginning of the 20th century, the territory which now forms Albania was divided among the four separate vilayets (Albanian: vilajete / vilajetet) of Scutari, Janina, Manastir, and Kosovo. This helped mix Albanians with the surrounding Greeks, Serbs, and other groups.
In southern Albania, fighting broke out between the Senate and the separatist Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus. [21] On 21 October 1914, Toptani attempted the first agrarian reform in Albania, issuing the order to confiscate the properties of about 50 wealthy landowners and other political opponents, but it never came to fruition. [22]