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Immanuel Kant in his Critique of Pure Reason (1787 edition) drew a parallel between the "Copernican revolution" and the epistemology of his new transcendental philosophy. [27] Kant's comparison is made in the Preface to the second edition of the Critique of Pure Reason (published in 1787; a heavy revision of the first edition of 1781).
Immanuel Kant [a] (born Emanuel Kant; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy.
Kant classifies the constitutional republics of contemporary Western Europe—marked as they were by federalism, status-seeking, individualism and a degree of moral and cultural maturity—as belonging to an advanced, yet still intermediate, stage of development, judging them to be civilized but not thoroughly moral. [5]
The following observations summarize Kant's views upon the subject-object problem, called Kant's Copernican revolution: "It has hitherto been assumed that our cognition must conform to the objects; but all attempts to ascertain anything about these objects a priori , by means of conceptions, and thus to extend the range of our knowledge, have ...
Kant's recommendations were clearly represented in the 1940s in the United Nations. [ 11 ] In the early days of the First World War , H.G. Wells stated that it would be " the war to end war ", on the grounds that, once Prussian militarism and autocracy was replaced by popular government, European nations would not ever go to war with each other ...
German writers usually place Immanuel Kant's theories at the beginning of their accounts of the movement toward the Rechtsstaat. [8] The Rechtsstaat in the meaning of "constitutional state" was introduced in the latest works of Immanuel Kant after US and French constitutions were adopted in the late 18th century. Kant's approach is based on the ...
The Doctrine of Virtue further develops Kant's ethical theory, which he had already laid the foundation in the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785) and the Critique of Practical Reason. It develops Kant’s conception of virtue and expositions of particular ethical duties we have as rational human beings.
Kant answered to the call of the Berlin Academy Prize in 1754 [2] with the argument that the Moon's gravity would eventually cause its tidal locking to coincide with the Earth's rotation. The next year, he expanded this reasoning to the formation and evolution of the Solar System in the Universal Natural History .