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Statistical machine translation (SMT) was a machine translation approach, that superseded the previous, rule-based approach because it required explicit description of each and every linguistic rule, which was costly, and which often did not generalize to other languages. Since 2003, the statistical approach itself has been gradually superseded ...
AI alignment involves ensuring that an AI system's objectives match those of its designers or users, or match widely shared values, objective ethical standards, or the intentions its designers would have if they were more informed and enlightened. [38] AI alignment is an open problem for modern AI systems [39] [40] and is a research field ...
The Alignment Problem: Machine Learning and Human Values is a 2020 non-fiction book by the American writer Brian Christian.It is based on numerous interviews with experts trying to build artificial intelligence systems, particularly machine learning systems, that are aligned with human values.
Various algorithms exist that solve problems beside the computation of distance between a pair of strings, to solve related types of problems. Hirschberg's algorithm computes the optimal alignment of two strings, where optimality is defined as minimizing edit distance. Approximate string matching can be formulated in terms of edit distance.
IBM alignment models are a sequence of increasingly complex models used in statistical machine translation to train a translation model and an alignment model, starting with lexical translation probabilities and moving to reordering and word duplication. [ 1] They underpinned the majority of statistical machine translation systems for almost ...
Needleman–Wunsch algorithm. The Needleman–Wunsch algorithm is an algorithm used in bioinformatics to align protein or nucleotide sequences. It was one of the first applications of dynamic programming to compare biological sequences. The algorithm was developed by Saul B. Needleman and Christian D. Wunsch and published in 1970. [1] The ...
The Levenshtein distance between two words is the minimum number of single-character edits (insertions, deletions or substitutions) required to change one word into the other. It is named after Soviet mathematician Vladimir Levenshtein, who defined the metric in 1965. [1] Levenshtein distance may also be referred to as edit distance, although ...
Data structure alignment is the way data is arranged and accessed in computer memory. It consists of three separate but related issues: data alignment, data structure padding, and packing. The CPU in modern computer hardware performs reads and writes to memory most efficiently when the data is naturally aligned, which generally means that the ...