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  2. System of linear equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_of_linear_equations

    Every homogeneous system has at least one solution, known as the zero (or trivial) solution, which is obtained by assigning the value of zero to each of the variables. If the system has a non-singular matrix (det(A) ≠ 0) then it is also the only solution. If the system has a singular matrix then there is a solution set with an infinite number ...

  3. Triviality (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triviality_(mathematics)

    Triviality (mathematics) In mathematics, the adjective trivial is often used to refer to a claim or a case which can be readily obtained from context, or an object which possesses a simple structure (e.g., groups, topological spaces). [1][2] The noun triviality usually refers to a simple technical aspect of some proof or definition.

  4. Underdetermined system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underdetermined_system

    The homogeneous (with all constant terms equal to zero) underdetermined linear system always has non-trivial solutions (in addition to the trivial solution where all the unknowns are zero). There are an infinity of such solutions, which form a vector space , whose dimension is the difference between the number of unknowns and the rank of the ...

  5. Fermat's Last Theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat's_Last_Theorem

    Any non-trivial solution to x p + y p = z p (with p an odd prime) would therefore create a contradiction, which in turn proves that no non-trivial solutions exist. [18] In other words, any solution that could contradict Fermat's Last Theorem could also be used to contradict the modularity theorem.

  6. Sturm–Liouville theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sturm–Liouville_theory

    The differential equation is said to be in Sturm–Liouville form or self-adjoint form.All second-order linear homogenous ordinary differential equations can be recast in the form on the left-hand side of by multiplying both sides of the equation by an appropriate integrating factor (although the same is not true of second-order partial differential equations, or if y is a vector).

  7. Fredholm alternative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fredholm_alternative

    The Fredholm alternative is the statement that, for every non-zero fixed complex number either the first equation has a non-trivial solution, or the second equation has a solution for all . A sufficient condition for this statement to be true is for to be square integrable on the rectangle (where a and/or b may be minus or plus infinity).

  8. Riemann hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riemann_hypothesis

    Riemann knew that the non-trivial zeros of the zeta function were symmetrically distributed about the line s = 1/2 + it, and he knew that all of its non-trivial zeros must lie in the range 0 ≤ Re(s) ≤ 1. He checked that a few of the zeros lay on the critical line with real part 1/2 and suggested that they all do; this is the Riemann hypothesis.

  9. Equation xy = yx - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation_xy_=_yx

    An infinite set of trivial solutions in positive real numbers is given by =. Nontrivial solutions can be written explicitly using the Lambert W function . The idea is to write the equation as a e b = c {\displaystyle ae^{b}=c} and try to match a {\displaystyle a} and b {\displaystyle b} by multiplying and raising both sides by the same value.