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The FDA assembled its outside advisers to take another look at phenylephrine, which became the main drug in over-the-counter decongestants when medicines with an older ingredient ...
A decongestant, or nasal decongestant, is a type of pharmaceutical drug that is used to relieve nasal congestion in the upper respiratory tract. The active ingredient in most decongestants is either pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine (the latter of which has disputed effectiveness). Intranasal corticosteroids can also be used as decongestants and ...
Antihistamines are drugs which treat allergic rhinitis, common cold, influenza, and other allergies. [1] Typically, people take antihistamines as an inexpensive, generic (not patented) drug that can be bought without a prescription and provides relief from nasal congestion, sneezing, or hives caused by pollen, dust mites, or animal allergy with few side effects. [1]
Fexofenadine is used for relief from physical symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis and for treatment of hives, including chronic urticaria. [12] It does not cure, but rather prevents the aggravation of allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria, and reduces the severity of the symptoms associated with those conditions, providing relief from repeated sneezing, runny nose ...
Pseudoephedrine is not extensively metabolized and is subjected to minimal first-pass metabolism with oral administration. [11] [1] [2] Due to its methyl group at the α carbon (i.e., it is an amphetamine), pseudoephedrine is not a substrate for monoamine oxidase (MAO) and is not metabolized by this enzyme.
Cetirizine/pseudoephedrine (Zyrtec-D) is an antihistamine and decongestant formulation. It is a fixed-dose combination drug containing 5 mg cetirizine hydrochloride and 120 mg pseudoephedrine hydrochloride for symptoms related to seasonal allergic rhinitis. [1][2][3] Cetirizine/pseudoephedrine gained approval from the U.S. Food and Drug ...
H1 antagonists, also called H1 blockers, are a class of medications that block the action of histamine at the H 1 receptor, helping to relieve allergic reactions. Agents where the main therapeutic effect is mediated by negative modulation of histamine receptors are termed antihistamines; other agents may have antihistaminergic action but are ...
Phenylephrine is a selective α 1 -adrenergic receptor agonist with minimal to no β-adrenergic receptor agonist activity or induction of norepinephrine release. [ 5 ][ 8 ][ 15 ] It causes constriction of both arteries and veins. [ 12 ] Phenylephrine was patented in 1933 [ 16 ] and came into medical use in 1938. [ 17 ]
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