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Investments are often made indirectly through intermediary financial institutions. These intermediaries include pension funds , banks , and insurance companies. They may pool money received from a number of individual end investors into funds such as investment trusts , unit trusts , and SICAVs to make large-scale investments.
Investing typically entails the purchase of stock, either individual securities or via a mutual fund, for example. Stocks are usually sold by corporations to investors so as to raise required capital in the form of "equity financing", as distinct from the debt financing described above. The financial intermediaries here are the investment banks.
Institutional investor: an entity which pools money to purchase securities, real property, and other investment assets or originate loans. Market top: the highest point of trading before the market shifts from a bull market to a bear market. Market trend: the tendency of financial markets to move in a particular direction over time. [8]
Merchant banking: negotiated private-equity investment by financial institutions in the unregistered securities of either privately or publicly held companies. [54] Fund of funds: investments made in a fund whose primary activity is investing in other private-equity funds. The fund of funds model is used by investors looking for:
Wealth management (WM) or wealth management advisory (WMA) is an investment advisory service that provides financial management and wealth advisory services to a wide array of clients ranging from affluent to high-net-worth (HNW) and ultra-high-net-worth (UHNW) individuals and families. It is a discipline which incorporates structuring and ...
Portfolio investments are held directly by an investor or managed by financial professionals. In economics, foreign portfolio investment is the entry of funds into a country where foreigners deposit money in a country's bank or make purchases in the country's stock and bond markets, sometimes for speculation. [1] [2]
Conglomerates – A financial services company, such as a universal bank, that is active in more than one sector of the financial services market e.g. life insurance, general insurance, health insurance, asset management, retail banking, wholesale banking, investment banking, etc. A key rationale for the existence of such businesses is the ...
Textbooks used in universities offering financial planning-related courses also generally do not define the term 'financial plan'. For example, Sid Mittra, Anandi P. Sahu, and Robert A Crane, authors of Practicing Financial Planning for Professionals [9] do not define what a financial plan is, but merely defer to the Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards' definition of 'financial ...