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Some of the forces acting on a wing spar are: [2] Upward bending loads resulting from the wing lift force that supports the fuselage in flight. These forces are often offset by carrying fuel in the wings or employing wing-tip-mounted fuel tanks; the Cessna 310 is an example of this design feature.
While internal wing structure commonly provides much of the strength via a combination of spars, ribs and stringers, the external skin typically carries a proportion of the loads too. On many aircraft, the inner volume of the wingbox has also been used to store fuel, which is commonly referred to as being a wet wing design. [1]
The tail and wing covering are birch. The wing and tailplane ribs are made in pairs from marine-grade fir plywood using a bandsaw. The wing spar is a hollow box for the first 8 ft (2.4 m) from the root and then changes to a "C-section" outboard.
They are primarily responsible for transferring the aerodynamic loads acting on the skin onto the frames and formers. In the wings or horizontal stabilizer, longerons run spanwise (from wing root to wing tip) and attach between the ribs. The primary function here also is to transfer the bending loads acting on the wings onto the ribs and spar.
Composite materials are used extensively throughout the A350. The Airbus A350 XWB is built of 53% CFRP [21] including wing spars and fuselage components, overtaking the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, for the aircraft with the highest weight ratio for CFRP, which is 50%. [22] This was one of the first commercial aircraft to have wing spars made from ...
Wing ribs of a de Havilland DH.60 Moth. In an aircraft, ribs are forming elements of the airframe structure of a wing, especially in traditional construction.. By analogy with the anatomical definition of "rib", the ribs attach to the main spar, and by being repeated at frequent intervals, form a skeletal shape for the wing.
More than 30 percent of the airplane's structure is made of composite materials. The 42.4 m (139 ft) span wing is primarily made of carbon fibre reinforced plastic components, including the wing spars, the 19 m (62 ft) long, 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in) thick
The spar, which was thicker on the top and bottom to absorb the constant bending motions that occur during flight, was also wrapped with Nomex and Kevlar for additional strength. The wing ribs were also made of epoxy and carbon fiber. Shaped Styrofoam was used for the wing's leading edge and a durable clear plastic film covered the entire wing. [1]