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It is an active pump that generates a proton concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, because there are more protons outside the matrix than inside. The difference in pH and electric charge (ignoring differences in buffer capacity) creates an electrochemical potential difference that works similar to that of a battery or ...
The sodium–potassium pump is found in many cell (plasma) membranes. Powered by ATP, the pump moves sodium and potassium ions in opposite directions, each against its concentration gradient. In a single cycle of the pump, three sodium ions are extruded from and two potassium ions are imported into the cell.
Active transport is essential for various physiological processes, such as nutrient uptake, hormone secretion, and nerve impulse transmission. For example, the sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to pump sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, maintaining a concentration gradient essential for cellular function. Active ...
A sample is injected into a flowing carrier solution stream that is forced by a peristaltic pump. The injection of the sample is done under controlled dispersion in known volumes. The carrier solution and sample then meet at mixing points with reagents and react. The reaction time is controlled by a pump and reaction coil.
Diffusion vs. Transport. In biology, an ion transporter is a transmembrane protein that moves ions (or other small molecules) across a biological membrane to accomplish many different biological functions, including cellular communication, maintaining homeostasis, energy production, etc. [1] There are different types of transporters including pumps, uniporters, antiporters, and symporters.
Experts say vehicle-based attacks are simple for a 'lone wolf' terrorist to plan and execute, and challenging for authorities to prevent.
A Texas grandmother is accused of having an unnecessary gastric feeding tube placed into her granddaughter. Lisa Campbell-Goins is charged with unlawful restraint, exploitation of a child and ...
Bacteriorhodopsin is a light-driven proton pump. It is the retinal molecule that changes its isomerization state from all- trans to 13- cis when it absorbs a photon . The surrounding protein responds to the change in the chromophore shape, by undergoing an ordered sequence of conformational changes (collectively known as the photocycle). [ 17 ]