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Reading God's statement in Exodus 7:3 that "I will harden Pharaoh's heart," the report of Exodus 9:12 that "the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh," and similar statements in Exodus 4:21; 10:1, 20, 27; 11:10; and 14:4, 8, and 17, Maimonides concluded that it is possible for a person to commit such a great sin, or so many sins, that God decrees ...
God said, "I will harden [Pharaoh's] heart, so that he will not let the people go" (Exodus 4:21). Isaiah asked, "Why, O Lord, do you make us stray from your ways and harden our heart, so that we do not fear you?" (Isaiah 63:17). God said, "If a prophet is deceived and speaks a word, I, the Lord, have deceived that prophet" (Ezekiel 14:9).
Pharaoh finally casts the Israelites out of Egypt after his firstborn son is killed. Yahweh leads the Israelites in the form of a pillar of cloud in the day and a pillar of fire at night. However, once the Israelites have left, Yahweh "hardens" Pharaoh's heart to change his mind and pursue the Israelites to the shore of the Red Sea.
The midrash taught that the expression "I hardened" (הִכְבַּדְתִּי , hichbad'ti) implied that God made Pharaoh's heart like a liver (כָּבֵד , kaveid), which stiffens (and becomes unabsorbent) if boiled a second time. So Pharaoh's heart was made like a liver, and he did not receive the words of God. [79]
Moses returned to carry out God's command, but God enabled Pharaoh to refuse, and only after God had subjected Egypt to ten plagues did Pharaoh relent. Moses led the Israelites to the border of Egypt, but God hardened Pharaoh's heart once more, so that he could destroy Pharaoh and his army at the Red Sea Crossing as a sign of his power to ...
For Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel, They are entangled in the land, the wilderness hath shut them in. And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, that he shall follow after them; and I will be honoured upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host; that the Egyptians may know that I am the Lord. And they did so. [17]
God has Moses stretch his staff over Egypt, and a wind brings a locust swarm. The swarm covers the sky, casting a shadow over Egypt, consuming all remaining crops. Pharaoh again promises to allow the children of Israel to worship God in the desert. As promised, God hardens Pharaoh's heart, and Pharaoh does not allow Israel to leave.
After his fall, Abezethibou roamed Egypt, and, after Moses let the Israelites leave Egypt, the Pharaoh became hardened of heart. [4] This is contrary to the traditional Christian view of the event based on the Book of Exodus , which contends that God hardened the heart of the Pharaoh. [ 6 ]