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Shangdi (Chinese: 上帝; pinyin: Shàngdì; Wade–Giles: Shang 4 Ti 4), also called simply Di (Chinese: 帝; pinyin: Dì; lit. 'God'), [1] is the name of the Chinese Highest Deity or "Lord Above" in the theology of the classical texts, especially deriving from Shang theology and finding an equivalent in the later Tiān ("Heaven" or "Great Whole") of Zhou theology.
The Shang dynasty (Chinese: 商朝; pinyin: Shāng cháo), also known as the Yin dynasty (殷代; Yīn dài), was a Chinese royal dynasty that ruled in the Yellow River valley during the second millennium BC, traditionally succeeding the Xia dynasty and followed by the Western Zhou dynasty.
After the Shang succumbed to the Zhou dynasty, he was awarded the state of Song. Weizhong ( Chinese : 微仲 ), Di Yi's second son, the second ruler of Song. King Zhou of Shang , Di Yi's youngest son, the last Shang king [ 2 ]
The state religion of the Shang dynasty (c. 1600 – c. 1046 BC) involved trained practitioners communicating with deities, including deceased ancestors and nature spirits. These deities formed a pantheon headed by the high god Di. [2] Methods of communication with spirits included divinations inscribed on oracle bones and sacrifice of living ...
Di Xin is the posthumous name given by the Shang dynasty imperial house. Di Xin was born with the family name Zi, lineage name Yin, and the given name Shou.He was called Shou, King of Shang by the kingdom of Zhou when he was alive.
Temple of Huangdi in Xinzheng, Zhengzhou, Henan. Until 221 BC, when Qin Shi Huang of the Qin dynasty coined the title huangdi (皇帝) – conventionally "emperor" - the character di 帝 did not refer to earthly rulers but to Shangdi, the highest god of the Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC) pantheon. [12]
A Shang oracle text written by the Bīn group of diviners from period I, corresponding to the reign of King Wu Ding (c. 1250 BCE) [1]The Shang dynasty of China (c. 1600 - 1046 BCE), which adhered to a polytheistic religion centered around worshipping ancestors, structured itself into key religious roles with the king acting as head.
The Zhou dynasty overthrew the Shang around 1046 BC, vilifying the image of Di Xin as a reason of their taking of state control. [6] The new dynastic regime was influenced by the Shang religion and allowed direct descendants of the Shang royal family to continue ancestral veneration traditions in Song .