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Paronychia is an inflammation of the skin around the nail, often due to bacteria or fungi. Its sudden (acute) occurrence is usually due to the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus . Gradual (chronic) occurrences are typically caused by fungi, commonly Candida albicans .
Onychomadesis is defined by the nail plate's detachment from the matrix, its continuous connection to the nail bed, and, frequently but not always, shedding. [4] Beau lines are transverse ridges on the nail plates. [5]
Anatomy of the basic parts of a human nail.A. Nail plate; B. lunula; C. root; D. sinus; E. matrix; F. nail bed; G. eponychium; H. free margin. Onychia is an inflammation of the nail folds (surrounding tissue of the nail plate) of the nail with formation of pus and shedding of the nail.
For home treatment, the American Academy of Dermatology recommends clipping the loose piece of skin with a clean nail clipper or nail scissors, and applying over-the-counter antibiotic ointment if the area appears inflamed. Persistent hangnails should be evaluated by a physician. [5]
[19] [20] Clinically, the diagnosis of any particular skin condition is made by gathering pertinent information regarding the presenting skin lesion(s), including the location (such as arms, head, legs), symptoms (pruritus, pain), duration (acute or chronic), arrangement (solitary, generalized, annular, linear), morphology (macules, papules ...
Treatment options for warts encompass topical, intralesional, and laser therapy. Surgical methods include excision and electrodesiccation , which use electrical current to destroy tissue, although they are not recommended as first lines of treatment because of the possibility of scarring and recurrence.
As of 2020, there have not been controlled, blinded studies on the treatment of green nail syndrome [16] and there are no treatment guidelines as of 2021. [8] Keeping the nails dry and avoiding excessive immersion of the nails are key. [11] In some cases, surgical removal of the infected nail may be required, [16] as a last choice. [8]
The terms whitlow and felon are also sometimes misapplied to paronychia, which is an infection of the tissue at the side or base of the nail. Felon presents with a throbbing pain, clinically. Felon presents with a throbbing pain, clinically.