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Topical atropine is used as a cycloplegic, to temporarily paralyze the accommodation reflex, and as a mydriatic, to dilate the pupils. [15] Atropine degrades slowly, typically wearing off in 7 to 14 days, so it is generally used as a therapeutic mydriatic, whereas tropicamide (a shorter-acting cholinergic antagonist) or phenylephrine (an α-adrenergic agonist) is preferred as an aid to ...
Diphenoxylate/atropine, also known as co-phenotrope and sold under the brand name Lomotil among others, is used to treat diarrhea. [2] [3] It is a fixed-dose combination of the medications diphenoxylate, as the hydrochloride, an antidiarrheal; and atropine, as the sulfate, an anticholinergic. [1] It is taken by mouth. [2] Onset is typically ...
Diphenoxylate is used to treat diarrhea in adults; it is only available as a combination drug with a subtherapeutic dose of atropine to prevent abuse. [2] It should not be used in children due to the risk of respiratory depression. [2] It does not appear harmful to a fetus but the risks have not been fully explored. [2]
In the United States, belladonna is marketed as a dietary supplement, typically as an atropine ingredient in over-the-counter cold medicine products. [40] [56] Although such cold medicine products are probably safe for oral use at typical atropine dosages (0.2 milligram), there is inadequate scientific evidence to assure their effectiveness. [56]
Atropine is purposely added at 25 micrograms per tablet, or 1 / 24 to 1 / 40 of the usual therapeutic dose for atropine to minimize the potential of misuse by swallowing large numbers of tablets or preparing them for injection since difenoxin is chemically related to the pethidine-piritramide subgroup of the opioid family, and could ...
The main contraindication for ipratropium in any form is hypersensitivity to atropine and related substances. [20] [21]Conditions such as narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia, or bladder neck obstruction are not necessarily contraindicators, but should be taken into account, particularly if the patient is receiving an anticholinergic by another route.
Donnatal® is considered part of the DESI drug category and currently is listed as one of 14 drugs still under evaluation by the FDA. [15] In response to FDA questions about Donnatal® efficacy, A. H. Robins Co. filed abbreviated new drug applications for Donnatal® tablets (ANDA 86-676), capsules (ANDA 86-677), and Elixir (ANDA 86-661). [ 16 ]
When atropine and pralidoxime are used together, the signs of atropinization (flushing, mydriasis, tachycardia, dryness of the mouth and nose) may occur earlier than might be expected when atropine is used alone. This is especially true if the total dose of atropine has been large and the administration of pralidoxime has been delayed.
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