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The conversion is based on a Traveling-Wave Direct Energy Converter (TWDEC). A gyrotron converter first guides fusion product ions as a beam into a 10-meter long microwave cavity filled with a 10-tesla magnetic field, where 155 MHz microwaves are generated and converted to a high voltage DC output through rectennas.
Nuclear fusion–fission hybrid (hybrid nuclear power) is a proposed means of generating power by use of a combination of nuclear fusion and fission processes. The concept dates to the 1950s, and was briefly advocated by Hans Bethe during the 1970s, but largely remained unexplored until a revival of interest in 2009, due to the delays in the ...
For electricity production released nuclear energy in the form of heat is typically used to boil water to turn a turbine-generator. Possibly matter is almost completely converted into energy in the cores of neutron stars and black holes by a process of nuclei collapse resulting in: proton → positron + 938 MeV, resulting in a >450 MeV positron ...
NIF, which cost $3.5 billion to build, gets its approximately $380 million annual operating budget from the National Nuclear Security Administration, an agency of the U.S. Department of Energy ...
"A Sustainable Nuclear Fuel Cycle Based on Laser Inertial Fusion Energy" (PDF). Eighteenth Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy. pp. 547– 565. Nuckolls, John (12 June 1998). Early Steps Toward Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) (Technical report). Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Sutton, Don (28 November 2011).
This compression wave pushes the material down to the temperature and pressure where fusion occurs. Drivers that have been explored are solid-state lasers, excimer lasers, high velocity solid objects, X-rays, beams of ions (heavy ion fusion (HIF)) and beams of electrons. The basic mechanism for Inertial Confinement Fusion using a simple direct ...
“Fusion, on the other hand, does not create any long-lived radioactive nuclear waste.” The waste byproduct of a fusion reaction is far less radioactive than in fission, and decays far more ...
Since nuclear fusion produces no planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions, news outlets referred to fusion as “the ‘holy grail' of carbon-free, clean energy” and asserted as fact that ...