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Nazi Germany invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940 and took control of the country. Some Amsterdam citizens sheltered Jews, thereby exposing themselves and their families to a high risk of being imprisoned or sent to concentration camps. More than 100,000 Dutch Jews were deported to Nazi concentration camps, of whom some 60,000 lived in Amsterdam.
Amsterdam is the country's most populous city and the nominal capital, though the primary national political institutions are located in the Hague. [24] The Netherlands has been a parliamentary constitutional monarchy with a unitary structure since 1848.
From 1810 to 1813, Amsterdam kept its position of capital city somewhat, as Emperor Napoleon declared the city to be the third city of the Empire (after Paris and Rome) and an imperial residence. In December 1813, after the fall of Napoleon and the accession of Prince William VI of Orange as Sovereign of the Netherlands, The Hague was restored ...
The largest urban network is known as Randstad, including the largest four cities in the Netherlands: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht. Of these, 3 have historic city rights: Utrecht from 1122; Amsterdam from 1306; and Rotterdam from 1340.
The Low Countries as seen from NASA space satellite. The Low Countries (Dutch: de Lage Landen; French: les Pays-Bas), historically also known as the Netherlands (Dutch: de Nederlanden), is a coastal lowland region in Northwestern Europe forming the lower basin of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta and consisting today of the three modern "Benelux" countries: Belgium, Luxembourg, and the ...
The Kingdom of the Netherlands (Dutch: Koninkrijk der Nederlanden, pronounced [ˈkoːnɪŋkrɛiɡ dɛr ˈneːdərlɑndə(n)] ⓘ; [h], West Frisian: Keninkryk fan de Nederlannen, Papiamento: Reino Hulandes), commonly known simply as the Netherlands, [i] is a sovereign state consisting of a collection of constituent territories united under the monarch of the Netherlands, who functions as head ...
Traders, artists, burghers: A cultural history of Amsterdam in the 17th century (1976) Roekholt, Richter. A short history of Amsterdam (2004) Schama, Simon. The Embarrassment of Riches: An Interpretation of Dutch Culture in the Golden Age (1997) Shorto, Russell. Amsterdam: A History of the World's Most Liberal City. New York: Vintage Books 2014.
Common English country names: Netherlands, (imprecisely Holland) Official English country name: Netherlands. A constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which comprises the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten. Common endonym(s): Nederland. Pronunciation: [ˈneːdərlɑnt] ⓘ Official endonym(s): Nederland